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What is schizophrenia and how does it affect the body?

By Kylie Galas 8S

November 2018

What is it?

What is schizophrenia?

Schizophrenia is a chronic brain disorder. It is very complex and to this day, doctors are still trying to figure it out. There are a lot of misconceptions about it because people don't really know what it is. In reality, schizophrenia is more common than you would think. About 300,000 Canadians are diagnosed with this disease, which is about 1% of the population.

There are four different kinds of symptoms for schizophrenia. It is difficult to actually diagnose it because drug use can mimic the same symptoms. Symptoms usually appear in the late teens to early thirties

Positive Symptoms

Negative Symptoms

Symptoms of Schizophrenia

Disorganization

Impaired Cognition

Symptoms in teens are slightly different than that of adults,

More hallucinations

Trouble with school

Schizophrenia in Teens vs. Adults

Irritability

Insomnia

Lack of motivation

Severe depression

No one knows exactly what causes schizophrenia. Doctors have spent their lives researching people that are diagnosed, but there is still lots to learn.

Causes

Schizophrenia can be influenced by family history of mental disorders. The chance of schizophrenia is more influenced by the mother's health and family history rather than the father's.

Genetics

Consumption of drugs at a young age, stress, problems with pregnancy and other mental disorders can lead to schizophrenia.

Environmental

Although schizophrenia is a mental disorder, it is also influenced and impacts other systems in the human body.

How does it affect the body systems?

It affects the nervous system, immune system, cardiovascular system, and endocrine system as well.

Schizophrenia has the most impact on your brain. Having the disease leads to brain damage, and taking medication only worsens the damage, but helps in other ways. There is no way for doctors to stop it.

Nervous

People with schizophrenia usually have an overactive immune system. Having the disease can increase the risk of disorders like AIDs.

Immune

When your body is producing too many white blood cells, they will start to attack other organs in the body. This is extremely dangerous.

The medication that is taken for schizophrenia and stress impact the cardiovascular system greatly.

Meds can cause weight gain, which then leads to diabetes, heart disease and other problems.

Cardiovascular

Stress increases the production of the hormone, cortisol. This hormone also leads to weight gain, high blood pressure and diabetes.

The endocrine system manages hormone production in the body. With schizophrenia, your body will start to produce too much or too little of hormones.

Endocrine

Cortisol and neurogranin mess with brain activity and other body systems.

Treatment

There is no cure for schizophrenia. It requires lifelong treatment. Most patients take antipyschotic medication, and depending on the person, anti-anxiety meds and antidepressants are taken on top of that. Patients also need therapy in order to continue with a normal life. Most people who are diagnosed live normal lives in a family setting unlike what others think. The need to be institutionalized is rarely, if ever, necessary.

Conclusion

Thank you for listening!

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