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Elizabethan Era Music and Dance
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Elizabethan Era
Music and Dance
A Journey Through ...
the Renaissance
Ms. Jacobs
The Renaissace
- a cultural and artistic movement in Europe which took place roughly from the 14th to the 17th century.
- originated in Florence, Italy
- The word “renaissance” translates to “rebirth” in French
- overlapped with the Elizabethan Era
- many famous painters, such as Leonardo DaVinci, Michaelangelo, Donatello, and Raphael were introduced
Orgin
Instruments
Elizabethan Instruments
- music was instrumental in the Elizabethan Era
- there were not many entertainment sources during that time so music was widely appreciated
- many instruments then were ancestors of those we have today
- groups of instruments were broken up into four categories: wind, string, percussion, and keyboard
Lute
- any plucked string instrument with a neck and a round back with a hollow area in the middle
- similiar to the modern guitar
- gained popularity during the Baroque Period
- arguably the most popular instrument to play
Viola da Gamba
- a viol was the ancestor of a violin
- had six strings
- could be played alone or in a group
- three different sizes: treble, tenor, and bass
Shawm
- double-reed woodwind instrument
- ancestor of the oboe
- constucted out of wood and had a powerful sound
- is still played today in military bands
Cornet
- curved wind instrument that is sounded by lip vipration against a cup mouthpiece
- ancestor to the clarinet, not the trumpet
- made out of wood and is usually about 24 inches long
- many different types of cornets classified by their shape
Kettledrums
- large drum shaped like a bowl
- ancestor of the timpani
- were made out of copper or brass
- had an adjustable membrane tha controlled pitch
Elizabethan Dances
Dances
- dancing was done by all during the Elizabethan Era
- was considered a "wholesome recreation of the mind and body"
- dances were performed at parties and at the theatre
- Upper Class and nobility had different dances than the Lower Class
- Upper Class dances were intricate and ever-changing to incoorporate the different styles that were imported from Spain, Italy, and France
- Lower Class dances were more traditional and less intricate
Upper Class
Dances
Types of Dances
The Pavan - A “processional” dance where couples waltzed around the hall with their fingertips touching
The Galliard - A lively dance that usually followed the Pavan
The Almain - Usually played by the lute and other keyboard instruments.
The Volt - A rather “suggestive” dance that permitted Elizabethan couples to embrace closely for the duration of the song. In this dance, women were lifted high in the air by their male partner
The Gavotte - Couples danced together in a circle at a medium tempo.
The Courant or Courante -Slow-moving and sophisticated dance
The Saraband - Similar to the Courante
The Tourdion - Similar Galliard but with a slower tempo
Ballet - A formal dance that came from Italy but was established at the French court in the 16th century
The Canary - Described as as 'gay but nevertheless strange and fantastic with a strong barbaric flavour'
Lower
Class
Dances
Types of Dances
Brand/Brawle/Branle - The opening dance which was often performed during celebratory gatherings. This dance was made up of side steps
The Jig or Gigge aka Port - Traditionally included “leaps”
The Hornpipe - Lively dance similar to the jig which eventually became associated with sailors
Roundel - Performed in a circle and usually called a “ring-dance”
Dump/Dumpe/Dompe - Dance accompanied by the lute
Buffoons - Comic characters who originally featured in ritual dancing
Maypole Dance - Dancers held a coloured ribbon and danced around a central pole, which symbolized fertility
Morris Dance - Often danced with handkerchiefs or sticks to embellish the hand movements
Dances
What is a Masque?
Masque
- A dramatic entertainment (play)
- Originated in Italy
- Often spoken in verse,
- Usually performed by masked players
- These were usually members of the Elizabethan court.
- Music and dance were preformed during the masque
- Masques were performed at festivals and celebrations
- Upper Class women were allowed to perform
Mummers
- comes from the word "mum" which means quiet
- performed mimes (charades)
- wore masks called "Guisers"