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Transcript

World Hunger Speech

By Andrea Bailey

Important Question

ABOUT

Have you ever gone to the grocery store, and got to the checkout line and was asked if you would like to donate to charity?

  • Did you say yes?

Stats?

  • The average person donates $5,931 a year to charity, which is about $500 per month
  • $500 a month is some people's budet for their necessary bills.

Stats?

  • many states in the Mid-West spend about $400 a month on utilities alone, and sometimes this can jump to $500

Thesis

I will explain how Garrett Cullity argues that Peter Singer's Severe Demand should be rejected, and although it is an obligation to save a life, we should do it at a moderate and reasonable expense.

What's the argument?

Key Points

(Preview)

Cullity's Moderate Demand

1. Singer's Severe Demand

2. Why should we be concerned to help them?

3. Contradiction of "The Severe Demand"

4. Cullity's Moderate Demand

Reductio Ad Absurdum

Reductio Ad Absurdum

  • Latin for saying "Reduction to the Absurd"

What is it?

1. Start the argument by taking the opposite of your stance

2. Show that it will ultimately lead to a contridiction

3. Then lead to your current stance

Singer's Severe Demand

Singer's Severe Demand

Contribute to aid agencies in increments of time and money that is large enough until there are no more lives in need of saving

  • it is necessary that we respond to their interest in leading a fufilling life

We should live an altruistically focused life...

  • Constrict the pursuit of your own fufillement to allow for the benefit of others

Why should we be concerend?

Why should we be concerned?

Why is their life worth living?

Why is it wrong to NOT help somebody at a small personal cost?

Our lives are a means to fufillment gained through life- enhancing goods

  • Everybody wants a fufilling life... and this is a good enough reason to help those who are struggling to obtain that.

Contradiction?

Contradition of the "Severe Demand"

  • The Severe Demand argument makes personal fufillment morally impermissible.
  • It compromises life enhancing goods
  • i.e. friends, personal achievements, skills, hobbies, etc.

A small donation is equivalent to saving a life...

  • The same logic can be applied to yourself
  • We are morally permitted to stop giving money and time to aid agencies when making one more contribution would be serious sacrifice for me

Cullity's Moderate Demand

Cullity's Moderate Demand

Instead, we should contribute to aid agencies in increments of time and money large enough until:

Another person's interest in obtaining what is morally wrong to have is NOT a good enough reason for being morally obligated to help another individual have morally impermissble life.

Therefore, Severe Demand must be rejected.

  • There are no more lives to be saved
  • The overall sacrafice is significant enough to make it justifiable for an individual to refuse to save at that cost
  • There is no cheaper non-altruistically focused alternative
  • Choosing a cheaper alternative would in itself be life-impovershing

Conclusion

Conclusions

Singer’s argument that we have a severe demand to help the impoverished and should live an altruistically focused life, should be rejected.

Cullity's rejection stems from a contradiction that an individual living an altruistic-focused life and helping another achieve a non-altruistic-focused life is a huge contradiction.

Instead, Cullity’s argument is that that we have a Moderate Demand to help the impoverished without making a sacrifice that would make us worse off.

It's Your Turn!

Now it is time to give your opinion about the topic.

Do you believe that Cullity has a valid point that we should give what we can instead giving up everything to help somebody achieve something that they too morally should not have?

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