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Holocaust TIMELINE

1919

After World War I, Germany signed the Treaty of Versailles, a peace document signed at the end of World War I. However, this treaty contained severe repercussions for starting the war, such as the loss of territory and reparations.

1923

Germans were furious because of the Treaty of Versailles, and the economy began to crash. During the time, Hitler, the Nazi Party, and other right-wing members tried yet failed to take over the government in a coup in 1923 known as the Beer Hall Putsch. Germans were furious, and the economy began to crash. Hitler was later tried and sent to prison. In prison, Hitler began writing Mein Kampf ("My Struggle"), a two-volume set that contained the ideology of racial purity, and Lebensraum ("living space"), the idea of German expansionism. Hitler stated that ethnic Germans with blue eyes and blond hair belonged to the superior Aryan master race. Hitler's trial made him famous, which led to his early release from prison

1933

Hitler eventually came to power in 1933, taking over as chancellor of the nation. As chancellor, Hitler began to blame the Jews for Germany's loss in World War I, and began persecuting them along side other marginalized groups the Nazis considered enemies of the state.

1938

In 1938, the newly added Nuremburg Laws created tension within Germany. This tension lead to Kristallnacht ("Night of Broken Glass"). Many Jewish synagogues, homes, and businesses were damaged during Kristallnacht, and many Jewish-owned shop windows were broken. There were about 100 Jewish deaths, while many more Jews were arrested and sent to concentration camps. As a result, a huge wave of Jews fled the country. Kristallnacht marked the beginning of the Nazis systematic use of violence in dealing with the Jews

1939

1939

On September 1, 1939, Germany invaded Poland, sparking the beginning of World War II. The Nazis started persecuting Jews in Poland, collecting up many of them and making them live in crowded areas throughout several cities called ghettos.

1942

1942

In 1942, The Auschwitz and Majdanek camps were integrated, into the systematic extermination of Jews. During this time, gas chambers were installed in concentration camps all over German occupied territories. Most of the Jews deported to these camps were killed on arrival, especially children, women, the old, and the weak.

1945

On May 8, 1945, Germany surrendered. Four months later on September 2, 1945, after the atomic bomb was dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan surrendered. This marked the end of World War II.

1946

From 1945 to 1946, Nazi Germany leaders stood trial for crimes against peace, war crimes, crimes against humanity, and conspiracy to commit any of the those crimes. In all, 199 defendants were tried, 161 were convicted, and 37 were sentenced to death.

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