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Cognitive Theory ( Jean Piaget )

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Who is Jean Piaget ?

JEAN PIAGET

Jean William Fritz Piaget was a Swiss psychologists known for his work on child development. Piaget developed the theory of cognitive development which studied how children develop intellectually throughout the course of childhood. Piaget also developed the term genetic epistemology which is the study of the origins of knowledge. Piaget’s theory of cognitive development had a very heavy influence on developmental psychology today.

Fun Fact: Piaget was born in Neuchatel, in French-speaking Switzerland. He developed an early interest in natural history and by the age of 15 he had published several papers on mollusks.

THE THEORY OF COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT

The term cognitive development basically means how a child does things. Cognitive development is all about how a child thinks, explores and solves problems. In a nutshell, it is the development of knowledge, skills, problem solving and dispositions, which, in turn, help children think about and understand the world around them. The theory of cognitive development suggests that children move through four different stages of learning. This theory not only focuses on understanding how children gather knowledge, but also the nature of intelligence.

4 STAGES OF LEARNING

As discussed previously, the theory of cognitive development suggests that children move through four different stages of learning…

  • Sensorimotor stage ( 0-2yrs old ) - The sensorimotor stage is the first phase of children’s cognitive development. During this stage, children primarily learn about their environment through their senses and motor activities.
  • Preoperational stage ( 2-7yrs old ) - At the age of two, children enter the preoperational stage, where their ability to use mental representations, rather than the physical appearance of objects or people, improves.
  • Concrete operational stage ( 7-11yrs old ) - During this stage, children are more capable of solving problems because they can consider numerous outcomes and perspectives. All of their cognitive abilities are better developed in this stage.
  • Formal operational stage ( 11- adulthood ) - During this stage, children are capable of hypothetical-deductive reasoning, which allows them to test hypotheses and draw conclusions from the results. Unlike younger children who haphazardly approach problems, children in the formal operational stage can apply their reasoning skills to apply more complicated problems in a systematic, logical manner.

COGNITIVE THEORY ? RELEVENT OR IRRELEVENT

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