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Jupiter
Jupiter:
Named After: Zeus, Greek
god of the heavens.
Father of the gods.
Discovered by:
Unknown
Can be seen without binoculars or telescopes.
Some of the moons can be seen with small telescopes from Earth.
Introduction:
Distances:
From Sun: 741 000 000 km
From Sun: 5.2 AU
Orbit:
An orbit is "once around" to the exact same place again.
Orbit (Earth years): 11.9
How old would you be if you
were a Jupitarian?
Jupiter has asteroids that orbit ahead and behind of the planet.
Days:
Even though Jupiter is so much bigger than the Earth, a day is only 10 Earth hours long!
Mass:
Jupiter is so massive that it is sometimes described as a failed star.
Its mass is approximately 318 Earths
Circumference:
Jupiter's circumference is
449 133 km around!
Gravity:
The gravity on the outermost layer of Jupiter is 2.36 times what it is on Earth.
Or: 2.36 G
Temperature:
Maximum Temperature: -153 °C
Minimum Temperature: -153 °C
Atmosphere:
Very thin far out from the surface. As you travel towards the core the pressure turns the gases to liquids.
90% Hydrogen
9% Helium
1% others
Weather:
Surface:
Jupiter does not really have a surface. If you tried to stand on it, you would fall through the gases towards the core and eventually be crushed by the pressure.
First observed by Cassini, who described it around 1665 (more that 350 years old)
Probes:
More Than 30 have been sent.
The most recent was the Juno spacecraft (this was probably a joke since Juno is Jupiter's wife and the moons are named after Jupiter's girlfriends).
Juno: time lapse
Moons:
53 confirmed moons, and 26 more waiting confirmation.
THE GALILEAN MOONS:
Io
Europa
Ganymede
Callisto
More moons:
Some moons have retrograde orbits meaning that they orbit in the opposite direction!?
Rings:
Halo
Main
Amalthea
Thebe
Magnetic Field:
18,000 times larger that the Earth's magnetic field.
Up to seven million kilometers wide.
Jupiter's magnetic field is generated by its liquid metallic hydrogen core.