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Drop Arm Test

Iris Frazier

What does it tell us?

The drop arm test checks for rotator cuff injuries, specifically to the supraspinatus.

What Does it Tell Us?

  • Rhomboids
  • Infraspinatous
  • Levator scapulae
  • Teres Major
  • Latissimus Dorsi
  • Pectoralis Major
  • Pectoralis Minor
  • Subscapularis

How it works

supraspinatus starts working at about 120 degrees

How it works

  • Therapist passively abducts the patient's shoulder to 180 degrees and then allows the patient to slowly adduct the arm, to the waist.

  • This test is positive when the arm quickly drops to the side.

  • The patient may be able to lower the arm with control to 90 degrees (since this action is not that of the supraspinatus) but will be unable to continue controlled adduction to the waist.

  • In either case, the test is positive for a rotator cuff tear.

Jain, N. B., Wilcox, R., Katz, J. N.,

Higgins, L. D. (2014). Clinical examination of the rotator cuff. National Center for Biotechnology Information. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2012.08.019

Demonstration

(prohealthsys)

Specificity,

& Sensitivity

Specificity, & Sensitivity

  • High specificity - "Data in this study shows that if the drop arm test is positive one can almost be certain that the patient has a supraspinatus tear" (Jain, N. B., Luz, J., Higgins, L. D., Dong, Y., Warner, J. P., Matzkin, E., Katz, J. N. 2017).

  • Low sensitivity - "A negative test does not provide conclusive information to the examiner" (Jain, N. B., et al. 2017).
  • Client could have a different rotator cuff

injury that the drop arm test does not

account for.

Jain, N. B., Luz, J., Higgins, L. D.,

Dong, Y., Warner, J. P., Matzkin, E., Katz, J. N. (2017). The diagnostic accuracy of special tests for rotator cuff tear: The ROW cohort study. National Center for Biotechnology Information. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000566

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