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TOEFL IBT

Core concepts

August 2018

Reading

Insert your own text here. Talk about something related to your first topic or just put some placeholder text here.

First Headline Here

  • 3 - 4 readings
  • 700 words
  • No knowledge about the topic required
  • Answer about the reading not your knowledge.

Active Reading

Active Reading Steps

  • A minute and a half per question
  • Finding the purpose: Why did the author write the paper?
  • Understanding the structure: Mapping the passage to find out where key information is.
  • Stating the main idea: Figuring out what the passage is about.

Step 1 Find the purpose

  • Explain
  • Resolve
  • Convince

Purpose

  • Introduction paragraph
  • Body paragraphs
  • Conclusion

Find the purpose Steps

1. Read the first two lines of the first paragraph

2. Read the first line of each body paragraph

3. Read the first and last line of the final paragraph

4. Look back at your notes

Step 2 Understand the structure

  • Introduction: basic topic
  • Body: More information about the topic
  • Conclusion: Conclusion

Structure of the introduction

1. Read the first sentence-and sometimes the second, if the first doesn't provide enough information-and the last sentence very carefully

2. Skim through the sentences in the middle

Structure of a body paragraph

1. Read the topic sentence carefully

2. Sort through the specific details until you find what you need.

2 types: Supporting and Opposing

Structure of a conclusion paragraph

1. Read the first sentence

2. Read the very last sentence

The Direction of the passage

  • Same Direction (The information or paragraph supports the author)
  • Opposite Direction ( It contradicts)

Understanding the structure steps:

1. Identify the structure of the passage

2. Remember TOEFL passages are made like this: Introduction, body and conclusion.

3. Use the first sentence of the paragraph as a guide

4. The remaining sentences provide details about the topic

5. Pay attention to Direction Markers.

Step 3 State the main idea

  • Tie all together
  • Pay attention to direction markers

Stating the main idea steps

1. Read the first sentence of each paragraph

2. Skim the rest of the paragraph for direction markers

3. Remember to read both the first sentence of each paragraph in the passage and last sentence of the conclusion.

4. The main idea should connect all the ideas found in the first sentences of the paragraphs and the last sentence of the conclusion.

Dealing with difficult passages.

Tip #1: Skim, don't read

Tip #2: Trim the fat

Tip #3: Dealing with difficult vocabulary

Summary

  • Find the purpose
  • Understand the structure
  • State the main idea

Writing

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Second Headline Here

Speaking

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Third Headline Here

Listening

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Fourth Headline Here

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