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SHEIKH SAEED AL MAKTOUM HOUSE
MUSEUM
Tangible and Intangible Objects
NASMA YASIR
201610395
Phases of construction
and criteria
Location
LOCATION OF THE BUILDING WITH ITS IMMEDIATE SURROUNDING.
LOCATION AND AREA :
-AL KALEEJ ROAD , BUR DUBAI.
-3600 SQM
- ( IT'S ONE OF THE OLDEST AND LARGEST HOUSES IN AL SHANDAGHA )
GENERAL INFORMATION:
Sheikh Saeed Al Maktoum House is a historic building and former residential quarters of Saeed bin Maktoum Al Maktoum, former ruler of Dubai in the United Arab Emirates.
It was established around 1896[1] as the seat of the Al Maktoum family. The building is now a museum that contains artifacts and images of the old town of Dubai.
THE BUILDING :
ONE OF THE OLDEST RESIDENCES IN THE CITY , WAS CONSTRUCTED USING TRADITIONAL PREPARATION TECHNIQUES.
THE HOUSE IS TWO-STORIES, WITH 30 ROOMS , 20 VERANDAHS, 3 COURTYARDS AND 10 WASHROOMS , DIVIDING THE HOUSE INTO SIX INDEPENDENT LIVING QUARTERS.
GROUND FLOOR
ON THE GROUND FLOOR , A LARGE MEETING ROOM ( MAJLIS), SPACIOUS LIVING ROOMS, STORE ROOMS AND KITCHEN OPEN INTO A CENTRAL COURTYARD THAT WAS SHIELDED FROM THE HOT DESERT WINDS BY HIGH PERIMETER WALLS.
FIRST FLOOR
THE UPPER FLOOR , WITH ITS MANY BEDROOMS AND BALCONIES WHICH OVERLOOK THE CREEK, PROVIDE A SPECTACULAR VIEW OF THE CITY'S SKYLINE.
Plans
ZONING
MAIN ELEVATION
MATERIAL USED IN BUILDING :
PALM TRUNKS ARE CUT INTO PIECES THAT SHOW HALF CIRCLE WHEN VIEWED IN SECTION CALLED MUWAD.
THE CONSTRUCTION IS LIGHT, THE MEZZANINES ARE SUPPORTED BY A LATTICE OF WOODEN BEAMS THAT SUPPORT CORAL STONES.
Materials
ROOFS:
MANGROVE WAS USED FOR BEAMS OF ALL SORTS. ROUND MANGROVE POLES KNOWN AS (CHANDAL), CAME IN LENGTH OF 4 METERS, WHICH MEANS THAT A ROOM COULD ONLY BE AS WIDE AS THE LENGTH OF THE POLE.
CEILING :
CONSISTED OF PALM RIBS OR BAMBOO POLES OVERLAID WITH PALM FROND MATTING, WHICH WAS COVERED WITH A MIXTURE OF LIME, MUD AND SMALL STONES.
Title
DECCA :
THE RECEPTION AREA HAS BUILD IN SEATS IN THE WALL CALLED DECCA. IT IS A 50 CM HIGH CONCRETE SEATING FOR THE VISITORS WHO HAVE TO WAIT FOR THE SHEIKH.
PARAPET :
ROOF PARAPET CONSISTS OF HIDDEN OPENINGS WHICH ALLOW AIR MOVEMENT AND PRIVACY. TIMBER RAILINGS ARE ALSO SEEN. THE RAILS ARE FORMED OF TIMBER LATHS IN GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS. STONE POLES ARE SETUP IN BETWEEN THE 1M RAILING FOR STRUCTURAL SUPPORT.
TANGIBLE OBJECTS
- COURTYARDS AND SETTING AREAS IN THE UPPER FLOORS WITH FURNITURE.
- ARCADES AND CORRIDORS.
- COOKING POTS RELATED TO TRADITIONAL METHODS USED BEFORE.
-SAMPLES OF FURNITURE USED FOR THE GUESTS.
- MATERIALS USED IN THE BUILDING.
- A PORCH COVERING THE MAIN ENTRANCE.
- BENCHES THAT USED IN THE SITTING AREA.
DIFFERENT STAIRCASES LEADING TO THE UPPER FLOORS.
Title
INTANGIBLE OBJECTS
- COURTYARD WAS CONSTRUCTED BIG ENOUGH TO USE IT FOR THE SOCIAL GATHERING AND AS A KIDS AREA, SAME FOR TERRACES IN THE UPPER FLOOR.
- SPACES SHOW THE HOSPITALITY OF THE RULERS WITH THEIR GUESTS.
- PRIVATE AND PUBLIC AREAS WERE KEPT DISTINCTLY SEPARATE. THE INNER PRIVATE QUARTERS WERE FOR THE FAMILY AND CONSISTED OF SMALL COURTYARD SURROUNDED BY ROOMS OF TWO LEVELS.
- PRIVACY THAT INSURED IN THE BUILDING BY THE USE OF ENTRANCES, WHICH WOULD REDUCE THE VISIBILITY FROM OUTSIDE.
- NARROW HALLWAY FOR THE MAIN ENTRANCE GIVE ACCESS THROUGH A SMALL COURTYARD TO THE MAJLIS WITHOUT ALLOWING THE VISITORS TO SEE INTO THE PRIVATE QUARTERS OF THE HOUSE.
PHASES OF CONSTRUCTION
IN 1890
BUILT IN 1890, BY USING MAIN LOCAL MATERIALS : CORAL AND GYPSUM,
-BUILDING THE GROUND FLOOR , MAIN ENTRANCE, MEN MAJLIS AND KITCHEN.
- CONSTRUCTION OF BARAJEEL.
IN 1920
- BUILDING THE UPPER FLOOR.
- ADDING BEDROOMS AND TERRACES AROUND THE COURTYARD.
- ADDING ONE MORE BARAJEEL
IN 1930
- BUILDING THE SIDE ENTRANCE (WOMEN ENTRANCE ).
- WOMEN MAJLIS.
- UPPER FLOOR BEDROOMS.
- THE HOUSE ALSO HOSTS 30 ROOMS WHICH ARE BUILT AROUND THE CENTRAL COURTYARD.
Title
Criteria leading to the classification
of the building as heritage.
Uniqueness of the building
-external orifices of the house are small and located
in the upper part, while the entrance is refracted.
as the person entering the house is forced to turn because of a wall.
-kitchens located in the southern part of the house, which will result in taking all the steam and the food aromas away with the breeze flow.
-it illustrates the impact of the architectural design in that era of time such as the excessive usage of arcades.
-Techniques of air cooling such as barjeel and air pullers.
https://www.shutterstock.com/image-photo/dubai-united-arab-emirates-march-21-613264961
In 1981, before restoration
Reasons of
Decay
on a board located at the entrance, it was mentioned that the restorations were completed in 1986
Evidence:
the photo was uploaded by the official account of Dubai heritage authority on pinterest
https://www.pinterest.com/pin/413909021972898878/
Nowadays after renovating
Reason(s) of the decay or the deterioration of the property.
-Due to some climatic issues such as:
1-The lack of ventilation.
2-High temperature.
3-Excessive sun exposure.
4-Excessive humidity.
Evidence: ''it is crucial to establish that the climate of the
UAE is hot, humid and dry. These weather conditions must be taken into consideration when
designing buildings. The lack of vegetation and clear skies increases the effect of heat, not only during the day but also into the evening, particularly during summer when the days can be as long as 16 hours. Due to evaporation of the sea, humidity is high''.
-Due to the death of its owner Sheikh saeed aL-Maktoum,
it has been neglected.
-Due to some human factors such as:
1-The lack of maintenance.
2-Neglecting the site witch resulted in dirt accumulation.
Evidence: logical reasoning from one of the guides in the museum during my visit.
-Due to the wrong choice of material, such as shell stones which:
1-Retain dampness.
2-Low Durability.
Evidence: THE IMPACT OF IMPLEMENTING HERITAGE ELEMENTS IN
CONTEMPORARY BUILDINGS IN THE UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
Evidence:
Research paper
https://wlv.openrepository.com/bitstream/handle/2436/622674/Al_Qasimi_PhD_Thesis.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Evidence: http://blog.dubaifeel.com/2019/09/20/explore-the-house-of-sheikh-saeed-al-maktoum/
Applicable
Approaches
Evidence: http://www.traveladventures.org/continents
Highlights of the applicable approaches to the site.
1-A very well ventilated museum (physical approach):
-Barjeel and air pullers.
for cooling purposes and heat prevention.
How does it work:
as hot air is lighter than cold air, it rises up and the openings in
barjeel send it to the outside.
the openings will also work as wind catcher to provide cold air.
-Windows applied vertically all over the facade reaching to the top.
Providing natural light and ventilation.
-Arcades with circular holes located at the top portion.
For letting warm air escaping.
Arcades are used a lot in the old islamic buildings and where it was originally found by muslims in andalus, purely for aesthetics.
2-Aesthetic interpretations
-Atheistic elements (ornaments) such as:
-Arches.
-pointed arches.
-rectangular arches.
Evidence: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:House_of_H.H_sheikh_Saeed_Al_Maktoum_(Building_No_78)_DSC_7533.jpg
Evidence: https://www.tripadvisor.com
Evidence: https://dubaiculture.gov.ae/en/Pages/default.aspx
Title
Evidence: https://www.lonelyplanet.com
Evidence: http://itsaboutdubai.com/info/
-Central courtyard.
Most rooms were open to the central courtyard for the purpose of ventilation, freedom but within privacy, also it allows social gatherings and meetings .
-Gents majlis and ladies majlis:
This will allow social gatherings to take place without disturbing the traditions.
usually each of these majlis has its own entrance and exit to the court yard.
Evidence: http://emiratesgo.blogspot.com
-Wooden door decoration.
ornaments such as carving the wall were a sign of the wealthiness of the owner
-Islamic geometric patterns.
The patterns allowed light to come in without disturbing privacy
-Crenelations along the roof line.
3-Social interpretations
-Loggia surrounding the site.
loggia is a gallery or room with one or more open sides, especially one that forms part of a house and has one side open to the garden.
Evidence: https://www.alamy.com/
Evidence: https://traveltriangle.com/blog
Evidence: http://www.mapcollective.org/resources/Al-Maktoum%20House,%202A%202010.pdf
Evidence:https://www.trawell.in/
1-Coral rocks from the original house were reused
3- Recreating the decorative
elements
2-The new house was built from reinforced concrete
Actions
taken on the
building
Evidence: https://issuu.com/dalal_alhourani/docs/sheikh_saeed_house__dalal_alhourani/10?ff
Degree of intervention
-Reconstruction.
Removing the actual building from the site and substitute it with a copy of it.
The decision of remaking it was due to the poor state and the unfix-able condition that the building was in.
They reused some of the original materials, though that the new house is was rebuild by using reinforced concrete.
coral rocks were reused from the original building.
-Rehabilitation
which means refill the building with people due to a certain activity taking place in the building, and in this case turning the Bait into a museum that:
-forming a heritage reference point to old Emirati houses.
-saving a lot of historical documents.
-Prevention.
Prevention happens by trying to eliminate the factors that can cause harm to the building, such as:
1- preventing humidity by applying insulation and preventing any leak and occasional maintenance.
2-preventing heat transmission as it can effect the walls and the furniture
3-preventing damages caused by people
or animals that intrudes the building by
applying strict policies.
4- preventing the house from neglecting by setting it as an attractive museum for tourists.
Reference:
https://www.lonelyplanet.com/united-arab-emirates/dubai/attractions/sheikh-saeed-al-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EbDgJk1pFMk
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rRvTuAsiUtQ