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Federation Timeline
Federation Timeline
1889
On the 24th of October 1889, Sir Henry Parks urges the colonies to federate. He recites a speech at Tenterfield. The speech was titled: "a great national government for all Australia." It was his most famous speech.
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There is a place in Tenterfield where you can learn about Sir Henry Parks.
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1890
On the 6th of February 1890, the Australian federation conference recommends a national draft for the constitution. They meet at Melbourne. The conference agreed that "the interest and prosperity of the Australian colonies would be served by an early union under the crown."
Did you know?
All the colonial Parliaments gathered together, even the New Zealand parliament came.
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1891
In 1891, the first Australasian Federation Conference is held in Sydney, Between March and April. Together, the group wrote the first draft for the constitution. It took 5 weeks to draft the constitution.
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The first draft for the Australian constitution was inspired by the U.S's constitution. This is because America also had a hard time federating all the separate colonies.
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1891-1894
Throughout the period between 1891 and 1894, Australia suffered from the economic depression. The effect in the depression was that Australia lost interest in federation.
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During the economic depression, there were over 30,000 strikers, demanding for better working condition.
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Before the economic depression
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During the economic Depression
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1893
In 1893, a peoples' conference was held in Corowa. Everybody was urging the colonial parliaments to hold a new convention for a newly drafted constitution. The Corowa conference agreed that eary federation was good.
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The Corowa conference also agreed to a proposal by John quick that said:
- the colonial parliaments pass an act to allow the direct election of delegates to a new federation convention which would decide on a draft constitution
- a referendum be held asking the people to ratify (approve) the draft constitution.
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1895
In 1895, a special premiers conference, held in Hobart, agreed to hold a new federation convention. They also agreed to John Quick's proposal.
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Queensland decided to drop out of the conference because they feared that federation would mean that they would lose Pacific Island labor force. New Zealand also opted out of the conference.
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1896
In 1896, a second people's convention was held in Bathurst. This renews calls for another federation convention. Finally, in March 1896, elections for convention delegates were held in Tasmania, New South Wales, South Australia and Victoria.
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The people's conference was held in Bathurst because the Bathurst Federation League was frustrated at the inaction of the colonial parliaments.
1897-1898
The second national Australasian convention meets in Adelaide, Melbourne and Sydney. They convention comprised elected and appointed representatives from all the colonies except Queensland. They constitution they modified was the drafted constitution from 1891.
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The main modification to the constitution was to the senate. Senators would be elected by the people of each state, voting as one electorate, rather than, being stated by the state parliaments.