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Floods Mind Map
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Floods Mind Map
Alberto Luis Hernandez & Paolo Martin Dazo
Introduction
Flood occurs when an overflow of water submerges land that is usually dry. According to Britannica, high-water stage in which water overflows its natural or artificial banks onto normally dry land, such as a river inundating its floodplain.
Intro
Types
1. Fluvial Floods - when the water level in a river, lake or stream rises and overflows onto the surrounding banks, shores and neighboring land
2. Coastal Flood, floods coastal areas and are usually caused by storm surges
3. Urban Floods
Types of Floods
Past Floods
1. Mississippi River Flood, 2011
2. Cagayan River Flood, 2020
Past Major Floods
Causes
The simplest causes of flooding is heavy rain. As groundwater rises up, water slopes down through the saturated ground and targets the low-rise levels of ground.
Causes
Hazards
- lack of vegetation
- broken dams
- low-altitude areas
- urban damage basins
Hazards
Heavy Rains
- storm surges
- tsunamis
- typhoons or hurricanes
- overflowing rivers
Heavy Rains
Other Causes
- deforestation
- melting of snow and ice
- Climate change
- emission of greenhouse gases
Other Causes
Effects
Effects
Flooding of areas used for socio-economic activities produces a variety of negative impacts. The magnitude of adverse impacts depends on the vulnerability of the activities and population and the frequency, intensity and extent of flooding. Some of these factors are further grouped into three categories:
Economy
- loss of human resources
- slowed down economic growth
- damage to property and structures
Economy
Environment
- increased soil erosion
- destruction of wildlife habitats
- spreading sediment of nutrients to topsoil
Physical
Health
Health
Mitigation
Below is a simple example of what of how a body of water is prevented from overflowing by protecting and securing the the borders with hinges