Introducing 

Prezi AI.

Your new presentation assistant.

Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.

Loading…
Transcript

Ethics and Healthcare

Normative

In health care, ethical concepts derived from normative theories, such as autonomy, beneficence, justice, and nonmaleficence, often guide decision-making.

Essentially, authority-based theories determine the right thing to do on the basis of what an authority has said.

Natural Law

Understanding authority- based philosophical systems has value because it can help in the treatment of patients.

Rand said, “The pursuit of his own rational self-interest and of his own happiness is the highest moral purpose of his life.”

In Healthcare:

Egoistic

No codes of ethics in the healthcare professions declare the interests of the person in the professional role to be superior to those of the patient.

Lesson Plan

Authority-based

Consequentialism

The consequences of the action are what matter, not their intent. This is in contrast to previously noted theories (e.g., deontology, virtue ethics, and natural law) that consider intent.

Teleological

Classical utilitarianism

Rule consequentialism

Kant's

Greek word deon, which means “duty.”Thus, deontology is concerned with behaving ethically by meeting our duties.

Freedom of the Will.

Deontolgical

Reason, Autinomy, Moral law and will.

Virtue

It comes into play as people seek to live virtuous lives, developing their potential for excellence to the best of their abilities

Virtue

Autonomy: Ability to decide for oneself.

Beneficence: "To do kindness, provide a benefit.

Nonmaleficence: To not do wrong toward another

Justice: Distributive & procedural.

Over thousands of years, no ethics principle or theory has survived criticism

Ethics Value

Healthcare administrators are in a more difficult position because they have obliga- tions to many stakeholders, not just to the individual patient.

Nonmaleficence

In the clinical setting, harm is that which worsens the condition of the patient

Principle of Ethics

Harm as Negligence

Negligence occurs when the person has not exercised the due diligence expected of someone in his or her role and level of responsibility.

Harm as a Violation of Autonomy

If a health professional makes a decision for a patient without involving the patient in the decision, then the patient’s autonomy has been violated. Even if the intent is to put the patient’s interests before their own

Theories of Justice

In general, to know something is unjust is to have a good reason to think it is morally wrong. However, we must be able to decide whether that action is truly morally wrong.

Theory of Justice

Procedural justice can be defined as due process.

Procedural

Procedural injustices occur in patient care, but they are more common when deal- ing with healthcare employees.

To understand distributive justice, you must first understand that resource allocation

issues occur at all levels.

Distributive

The concept of distributive justice relates to determining what is fair when decision makers are determining how to divide burdens and benefits.

A physician has to decide how much time to spend with each patient.

Learn more about creating dynamic, engaging presentations with Prezi