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Lecture 9. Deviance
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Lecture 10. Deviance
Learning Goals
1. Define deviance and understand the social functions of deviance.
2. Distinguish between deviance, crime and punishment.
Learning Goals
3. Understand that deviance is socially constructed.
https://www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2012/05/11/salem-woman-gets-six-months-jail-six-months-house-arrest-for-providing-alcohol-daughter-party/2InVsVtiBXkHVK0dd4zKVM/story.html
Why is underage drinking a problem, but adult drinking is not?
Why is underage drinking a problem, b...
What counts as "normal" drinking?
How do societies respond to drinking problems?
Deviance consists of any behavior that is outside social boundaries for what counts as normal and acceptable
What counts as deviant behavior depends on the social context
Deviance consists of any behavior that is outside soci...
The boundaries that distinguish normal from deviant often change over time
Is gum chewing deviant?
Singapore: chewing gum is illegal, and people caught selling it face fines of up to $100,000
Why does deviance exist?
Why does deviance exist?
Durkheim: Deviance exists in all societies, because it helps us draw boundaries between right and wrong
Durkheim: deviance creates social solidarity through collective outrage, moral panics
labeling theory: people who get labeled as deviant internalize this, and deviance becomes part of their identity
secondary deviance
stigma
Deviance is an important source of social change
Innovators and Revolutionaries
If everybody followed the rules, society would never change
Deviant subcultures
spread with the growth of cities, and then even more with digital culture
Deviant subcultures
Deviant subcultures embrace their difference from the larger society, and they help people resist the strong social pressures to conform.
Social Construction of Deviance
General Patterns
Difference between everyday deviance and more serious deviance
difference between tight and loose deviance societies
General Patterns
historical patterns related to science, religion, and capitalism
Deviance and power
school
media
agents of socialization
Deviance and power
focus on violent behavior
ideology
focus on the poor and powerless
Medicalization of Deviance
medicalization means that many of the challenges people face in their lives get defined as illnesses that require medication, surgery, or some other kind of medical intervention
Medicalization of Deviance
Some Historical Context
Some Historical Context
1800s: madness gets redefined as medical illness
1940s: alcoholism
1960s: child abuse
1960s: opiate addiction
When society becomes more tolerant of behaviors that were once considered deviant, the medical interventions that were designed to cure people end up looking like unnecessary and cruel actions that destroyed peoples' lives.