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Paris
Estefanía Toro Castejón
Angeles Caro Fernandez
WHY IS THE CITY OF PARIS KNOWN?
Paris is especially known for its museums and architectural landmarks: the Louvre was the most visited art museum in the world in 2018, with 10.2 million visitors.
EIFFEL TOWER
The Eiffel Tower is a wrought-iron lattice tower on the Champ de Mars in Paris, France. It is named after the engineer Gustave Eiffel, whose company designed and built the tower.
WHEN WAS IT BUILT?
The first excavations were made on January 28, 1887. On March 31, 1889, the construction of the tower finished in record time (2 years, 2 months and 5 days), which was considered a real technical feat.
The bet was "to study the possibility of raising on the Field of Mars an iron tower, with a square base, with 125 meters of side and 300 meters of height". Selected among 107 projects, it was accepted that of Gustave Eiffel, businessman, Maurice Koechlin and Emile Nouguier, engineers and Stephen Sauvestre, architect.
Émile Nouguier
The two main engineers of the Eiffel company, Émile Nouguier and Maurice Koechlin, in June 1884 had the idea of a very tall tower, designed as a large pillar with 4 separate columns at the base as legs that were joined at the top , joined together by metal beams arranged at regular intervals.
Maurice Koechlin
The project of the tower was an extension of this principle with a height of 300 meters, that is, the equivalent to the symbolic figure of 1000 feet of bridge supports. On September 18, 1884, Eiffel patented "a new design that allowed to build supports and metal poles capable of reaching a height of more than 300 meters".
THE CONSTRUCTION
The assembly of the legs begins on July 1, 1887 to finish twenty-one months later.
All the elements were prepared in the Levallois-Perret factory near Paris, headquarters of the Eiffel company. Each of the 18,000 pieces of the tower was designed and calculated before being drawn to the millimeter and assembled by elements of about five meters. On the ground, between 150 and 300 workers, led by a team of veterans in large metal viaducts, were responsible for the assembly of this gigantic meccano.
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Louvre Museum
It is the national museum of France, previous art, impressionism, fine arts such as archeology and decorative arts. It's one of the most important in the world. It is located in Paris, in the former royal palace of the Louvre, and currently promotes two subsedes,