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Phenomenology

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Sage Andersen, Mic Fenech, Ellie Goldberg, and Karina Mendez Perez

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Phenomenological researchers describe the essence of a lived experience

Illustrative Example

We will be taking you through an illustrative example of each step of the phenomenological research process with something we are all living right now...

Research Problem

Determine if the research problem is best examined with phenomenology

We want to understand your shared experience of living through the COVID-19 Pandemic.

So, what method should we take?

  • Narrative?
  • Grounded theory?
  • Case study?
  • Ethnography?
  • Phenomenology?

The Experience of "Shelter in Place" during COVID-19 Pandemic

Specifically, we want to uncover what you have experienced during this time of mandatory "shelter in place" and what factors have contributed to this experience.

Identify a Phenomenon of interest

Our assumptions..

Specify Philosophical Assumptions

  • We believe in the importance of understanding your lived experience
  • We have lived through this too, but we want to tell your story so we will bracket out our experiences
  • We aren’t going to try to interpret what you are saying, but instead will report the essence of all of your shared experiences

Data Collection #1

Collect Data

In one word, how would you describe your experience living under "shelter-in-place" orders?

  • Hyphenate if need be
  • Be creative
  • Answer as many times as you want

To respond, visit:

https://PollEv.com/sagea748

https://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/8fU1lptMNr1cS004oH0Z7?preview=true&controls=none

Data Collection #2

What questions might you ask to better understand your classmates' experiences?

Data Collection #2

To respond, visit same link:

https://PollEv.com/sagea748

https://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/PUatVLgkFTNpRpJBR7Ezr?preview=true&controls=none

Other potential forms of data...

  • Your memes!
  • Diary entries
  • Poems
  • Songs
  • Photography
  • Social Media Posts

Data Collection #3

Themes from Poll 1

Themes from Word Wall

https://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/8fU1lptMNr1cS004oH0Z7?preview=true&controls=none

Generate Themes

Themes from other Qs?

Themes from Memes

https://www.polleverywhere.com/free_text_polls/PUatVLgkFTNpRpJBR7Ezr?preview=true&controls=none

Develop textural and structural descriptions

Develop Descriptions

Textural = what participants experienced

Structural = how they experienced it in terms of the conditions, situations, or context

Report the “essence” of the phenomenon using a composite description.

Report the Essence of the Phenomenon

Were there any common experiences or common structures?

Present the understanding of the essence of the experience in written form.

Present Understandings

A general reporting structure includes:

  • An introduction to the phenomena
  • Personal statement of experiences from the researcher
  • Rationale for the use of phenomenology
  • Philosophical assumptions
  • Data collection and analysis
  • Report example of how the phenomena being experienced
  • Conclude with a composite description

Other reading resources

Pelin Yuksel-Arslan, Soner Yildirim & Bernard Ross Robin (2016) A phenomenological study: teachers’ experiences of using digital storytelling in early childhood education, Educational Studies, 42:5, 427-445, DOI: 10.1080/03055698.2016.1195717

Bolyard, Johnna; Valentine, Keri D. (2017) Mathematical Learning Experiences: Leveraging Elementary Pre-Service Teachers' Existing Perspectives to Support New Understandings, Online Submission, Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (San Antonio, TX, Apr 29, 2017).

Walker, Lori Raquel; Shepard, MaryFriend. (2011). Phenomenological Investigation of Elementary School Teachers Who Successfully Integrated Instructional Technology into the Curriculum,

Journal of Educational Research and Practice, v1 n1 p23-35 2011.

Laverty, S. M. (2003). Hermeneutic Phenomenology and Phenomenology: A Comparison of Historical and Methodological Considerations. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 21–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/160940690300200303

Baker, C., Wuest, J., & Stern, P. N. (1992). Method slurring: The grounded theory/phenomenology example. Journal of advanced nursing, 17(11), 1355-1360.

Lee, T. Y., Landy, C. K., Wahoush, O., Khanlou, N., Liu, Y. C., & Li, C. C. (2014). A descriptive phenomenology study of newcomers’ experience of maternity care services: Chinese women’s perspectives. BMC health services research, 14(1), 114.

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