Introducing 

Prezi AI.

Your new presentation assistant.

Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.

Loading…
Transcript

T'boli

ENGR. BARY L. LUGAN, MPA

Municipal Information Officer

LGU-Tboli, South Cotabato

A brief look on the past

HISTORY

Tboli are closely associated with the features of the proto-Malay races. Their influx to the Philippines, particularly in Southern Mindanao could have been connected to the “balangay” expedition of the Malays, at different sources, in different times

Resemblance

EVIDENCE

IN CRAFTS

Municipal of T'Boli

the Land of Dreamweavers

LOCATION

The Tbolis are found in the costal areas of Sanganari province, and the hilly parts of the provinces of South Cotabato and Sultan Kudarat.

Population increased to about 350 thousand people (National Statistics Office, 2009)

NATURAL RESOURCES

~One of the Indigenous Peoples or Tribes in Mindanao

~ “Taga-bili”- “ Tao Bilil”

~ One of the colorful tribes in terms of arts and rich culture.

Conservative / shy / humble people

~ Hospitable

~Sensitive to the needs of others

~Close Family Ties

WHO ARE THEY?

Family

SOCIAL STRUCTURE

T'BOLI HAVE CLOSE FAMILY TIES

SEDEWEY

THE FATHER's words are absolute

~ Men cannot treat their wives as slaves

~ Men can have multiple wives

~ SEDEWEY: blessing of the first wife for her husband to marry more women

ROLE OF THE

eldest

Death of father will result to eldest male child taking on his responsibilities

FAMILY ROLES

They prefer male children over female as it signifies strength, power and family stability.

The

LEMOLO Practice

WHAT IS THE

LEMOLO Practice

the absence of a male child, all the dead man’s wealth, which includes the wives he leaves behind as well, is passed to on to his eldest living brother, according to the “lemolo” practice.

FATHER

The father supports and has control over his family

MOTHER

THE MOTHER'S ROLES:

Takes care of the family’s daily needs

It is the duty of the Tboli parents to think over their children’s happiness and interests

Maintains order in the family

the act of

DESU

Parents had to ask favor from the gods when their children are sick and offer something through the ‘desu’. They use to kill pigs or white chicken are offerings.

CHILDREN

THE CHILDREN'S ROLES:

- fully dependent to their parents until such time they a family of their own.

- children render strict reverence and obedience to their parents

- the parents choose, or even merely suggest, their marriage partners.

steps before

Marriage

The bargaining for and settling of the most advantageous marriage ‘kimu’ ( Material properties connected to marriage practices), however is the parent’s rights and duty.

Early child marriage, even when the children are still in the mothers’ wombs are also common among the Tboli

Sunggod – Material things asked by the girl’s parents

Los- Material things asked by the boy’s parents from the girl’s parents usually lower than that of sunggud.

Hebalu

A DEVIANT CHILD'S PUNISHMENT

Hebalu practice, when a child violated his filial relationships towards his parents through acts of grave disobedience or very serious disrespect, they sold him to any willing buyer. Of course the ‘sale’ could not involve money since Tboli society in the past had no concept of it.

Or perhaps, parents would have been forced to into such deed if the family found itself particularly pressed by pursuing creditors.

The T'bolis have several beliefs and practices when it comes to raising their children

CHILD RAISING

THE BARAK/BADAK

JACKFRUIT

A jackfruit that grows reclining against the branch should not be eaten. It is pulled down and thrown away for fear that a child should eat of it and become rebellious and insubordinate towards his parents;

PORK

& FROG HEAD

PORK'S HEAD

MAKES YOU HARD-HEADED

FROG'S HEAD

MAKES YOU DISRESPECTFUL AND TALKATIVE

Burnt Rice, Rodents & Chicken wings

CHILDREN ARE NOT ALLOWED TO EAT:

CHICKEN WINGS

BURNT RICE

RODENT'S HEAD

render boys incapable of ever building a house, and girls, incapable of learning how to weave;

SANI which sticks to the pot’s bottom would make them indolent and unmanageable;

rodents heads disposes one to steal other people’s property

D'WATA

RELIGIOUS BELIEFS & PRACTICES

T'boli people have rooted their belief that the D'wata has protected and ruled their lives. It is the basis of their practices and tradition

DEMSU

Demsu

Propitiatory offerings like T’boli ornaments and crafts.

Led by the “Meton Bu” ( Shaman) or a Datu

A peace offering to appease the bad spirits.

A thanksgiving prayer or ritual. “Olu”

Can be done through dancing, chanting and playing musical instruments.

HEALING

three ways to heal a sick person

offer food to the spirit

Setengeb

Nesol be Tonok

Ket Du

a serious, illness healing a booth is put and sick persons inside the booth while the healer dances around w/ live chicken on both hands. After the healing the people joined together and shall the food offering.

semi-serious illness, the spirit demands for all kinds of fishes found in fresh water shall be offered.

For minor ailments for the sick person only the cooked rice and egg.

Lemuhen

Not only is the bird considered to be a god of good fate, but T'boli people believe that when it sings, ANY UNDERTAKING should be put to a halt.

Lemuhen Bird

BENON

BENNON

Their belief that one should put a halt to any undertaking when they sneeze otherwhise it leads to misfortune

B'was

A ritual to deliver a person from being possesed by a spirit of charm. An ability to rebuke the spirit of charm or to cast away the illness of a person.

Demangaw

A medicinal act of measuring by use of hands, using the span of the hand between the tip of the thumb and the tip of middle finger. To determine or prove that the subject is either in good /bad circumstances.

Demangaw

T'boli Customary Laws

are still rooted

in religious beliefs

LAWS

1

Kemolut Libol

still being done today to establish the innocence or guilt of a person.

Sekeleng Lu-os

"Bond of Friendship or Brotherhood"

The friendship would last forever. The one who will breaks the pact between two parties would die.

Udof

a curse that cast over an area w/c the community would like to protect.

2

Hesek

A curse used to catch the culprit. This curse is directed against him which will cause him to suffer various maladies.

Keseb

Is a form of body trap, which is, placed in a certain area.

Tufil/ Helugod/ Batang

A trap usually placed at the tree

3

Sebot-meso / halay

( Submerging of Rice)

Done when a husband suspects that his wife is committing adultery

Temwel el be lewek

( Pouring of water on the Skirt)

A bad omen as it is believed to shorten one's life. If water seeps through the skirt then the person is guilty.

Hekodok nga onuk

(Cooking or Boiling of eggs)

Done by a person who is often in suspicion of others stealing his belongings.

A short History

1950's

Christianization of the Tboli in the municipality of Tboli

Along with that is the arrival of the SIL or Summer Institute of Linguistics (SIL) purposely to document the Tboli arts and literature.

According to the Study conducted by Lake Sebu Municipal Tourism Office

Religion after Christianity

Despite the passing of time, the advancement of technology and the sophistication of culture in the 21st century, the T’boli’s still retain their culture and tradition.

While some have been converted to Christian or Islamic faith, many of the T’boli people still have their animistic beliefs. They were hardly influenced by the spread of Islam on the island and even the Spaniards failed to Christianize them.

RELIGION in modern times

The T’boli people believe in the power of the supernatural and that all natures like mountains, rivers, creeks, trees, and animals have the spirit who own and guard them. Thus, these people are in communion with nature and have the highest respect for creation. They are not different form the primitive Filipinos who are Animist- those who believe in the “Forces” and “ Beings” that whenever they pass a sacred place they have to say “Ehe”, ( excuse me); and “miwes se”, ( may I pass) or in some instances when crossing a lake or river they have to throw a ring or any ornaments as a token of respect and reverence.

Having dreams is one of the important means of communication in their religious life. It is through dreams that they can communicate to the spirits. In their dreams they are instructed of the proper way of living, they are taught what herbs to be used to heal a certain sickness and other things that pertains to the lifestyle of their tribe.

- Myrna Pula

(Historian, Researcher & Cultural Expert of the Tboli tribe)

T'nalak Weaving

T'nalak Cloth: each has unique design.

An Abacca Fabric traditionally loom

by skilled T'boli women

They believe that it is a gift by the diety "FU DALU". Each design is woven throughthe women's dreams thus they claim that they are being communicated by

the deity and being guided through the dreams.

BUSAO

The T’boli’s also believe in busao ( malevolent spirits) which wreak havoc on the lives of human beings, thus causing misfortune and illness.

DATU

POLITICS & CELEBRATIONS

~ considered as the head of the community.

~ title is based on the consensus of the community or of the clan that is mostly succeeded by competent male family member

~ person who settles problem/ conflict in the society.

Meton Bu

METON BU

a religious specialist who performs the rituals for the healing of the sick. The T’boli Shaman is a person who knows all cures of all sickness, has the ability to seek a cure for the ailing person from the enraged spirit by the rituals performed. To the tribe, a Shaman is a person is gifted with the healing power from the D’wata.

LIBUN BOI

LIBUN BOI

the female member of the Tboli tribe, of appropriate age, who is respected and valued by her influences and social status. Usually a wife of a datu.

Nga Libun Benoi

Nga Libun Benoi

A girl treated as a princess of the family who is not obliged to do any chores

RITUALS

Makat

Mungkul

it refers to the transferring of one house to another. It is done when there are much wonderful moments and good weather.

this ritual is being conducted when you’re going to build a house, engage in farming, and when entering marriage.

Mo Nimun

Considered as the grandest wedding ritual of the T’boli tribe.

It was known as the most sacred celebration rooted on the tribal belief of spiritual healing through wedding celebration.

Mo Nimun

Mo-Ninum literally means the feast of "Making Wine" made of sugarcane, the day of feasting and drinking of wine. Mo-Ninum is a celebration of propitiation, of soul cleansing, and the renewal of spiritual life. Its ordeal is a journey to complete merriment of those who vowed to celebrate the sacred ritual of Mo-Nimum which is completed w/in six harvest seasons or a period of six years.

Learn more about creating dynamic, engaging presentations with Prezi