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Guide to Basic Metabolic Panel vs Comprehensive Metabolic Panel

What is a Comprehensive Metabolic Panel?

Also Known as "CMP"

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By Lauren Terry

7/25/2023

A comprehensive metabolic panel is a blood test that measures everything included in a BMP but with six additional substances. These substances are:

  • albumin: a protein that can indicate liver or kidney issues
  • total protein: overall blood protein levels, specifically albumin and globulin
  • alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST)
  • bilirubin: a waste product from the breakdown of red blood cells

How can albumin indicate liver or kidney problems?

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So why choose a CMP over a BMP?

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Albumin is a protein made by your liver. Albumin enters your bloodstream and helps keep fluid from leaking out of your blood vessels into other tissues. It is also carries vitamins, hormones, and enzymes throughout your body.

If albumin levels are low, that could indicate your liver is not making enough, or your kidneys are allowing too much albumin to be filtered.

A CMP can also be used in check-ups for a broad overview of your heatlh. However, CMP includes tests that provide insight into how your liver is functioning. Therefore, a CMP will likely be chosen over a BMP if your provider is monitoring liver disease or suspects you may have issues with your liver.

What are ALP, ALT, and AST? How do they indicate liver damage?

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ALP, ALT, and AST are enzymes found primarily in the liver. When the liver is damaged, it releases these enzymes into the blood stream. Therefore, high levels could indicate issues with your liver.

What is bilirubin?Why is it measured?

What is a Basic Metabolic Panel?

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Also known as "BMP"

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Bilirubin is a byproduct made during the breakdown of red blood cells. When the liver filters blood, it removes bilirubin and sorts it into bile.

An abnormally high level of bilirubin in your blood may indicate liver or bile duct issues.

A basic metabolic panel is a blood test that measures eight different chemicals in your blood:

  • Glucose
  • Calcium
  • BUN (blood urea nitrogen): a measurement of urea nitrogen, which is a waste product removed from your blood by the kidneys
  • Creatinine: a waste product produced by muscles, that kidneys filter from the blood
  • Sodium, Potassium, and chloride
  • Bicarbonate/CO2

The Importance or Uses of a BMP

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A BMP is often ordered as a part of a check-up to give providers a broad view of your overall health. It measures blood sugar levels (abnormal levels can indicate problems with pancreas or thyroid), kidney fuction (BUN, Creatinine,CO2), electrolyte balance (sodium, potassium, chloride), and calcium which is important for bones, nerves, muscles, and heart function.

It is also ordered as a workup for a number symptoms such as fatigue, breathing issues, etc.

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