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"Structuralism challenged the belief that a work of literature reflected a given reality; instead, a text was constituted of linguistic conventions and situated among other texts"
Archetypes, tropes, parallels, symbolism, motifs in a given genre or period
A work vs. a text, must understand the structures in order to demystify the text
This could explain why Ursula K. Le Guinn centers a lot of her work around language.
Ferdinand De Saussure
Roland Barthes
Sign and Signified, language theory, sociology, anthropology
Marxist approach, "Myths" come from language-object connotations. ig. Wine
France pre-1920's
1950-1960's
1920-1940's
1950's into 1980's and beyond
Claude Levi-Strauss
Existentialism
Culture and religion, anthropology, binaries, bricolage
John Paul Sartre, the power of an individual
Princess, victimized
Aristotle's structure
Encounters an antagonist
Marries a prince
Wholeness, transformation, Self-regulation
Snow white, Sleeping beauty, Cinderella, Rapunzel
Emphasis on the reader's interpretation and interpretation in general, if structures are fixed then the critic is coming to conclusions also based on structures
"It resists or questions the methods of building knowledge that is language, religion, and science using traditional literary notions"
A critique of structures, notices when structures are being played with
Roland Barthes
Michael Foucault
Knowledge is power
Out of the ashes post-structuralism is born
1960's
Jacques Derrida
Structuralism reaches a head
Must not structure have a genesis, and must not the origin, the point of genesis, be already structured, in order to be the genesis of something" -The hypocracy of Structuralism
Jacob said in our first class, "How can there be a U-catastrophe if the Elves are gone, magic is gone and Frodo, Bilbo and Gandalf are gone?" (Yes, I did acredit Jacob in my works cited.)
The Anti-Hero, bricolage
Examples: Elsa, Merrida, Moana
Word play, more than one meaning,
Binaries
Pushing boundaries
Dismantling structures "What is this piece doing?"
Structuralism
Post-Structuralism
Deconstructionism
Seeing binaries, comparing it to injustices, seeing the unjustified binaries dismantled.
Gender theory
Queer theory
From 1930's-early 2000's
She also identifies with Post-colonial theory
Jacob Damosh
https://www.poetryfoundation.org/learn/glossary-terms/poststructuralism
https://literariness.org/2016/03/20/structuralism/
https://www.aresearchguide.com/deconstructionism-and-postmodernism.html
https://www.oxfordbibliographies.com/view/document/obo-9780190221911/obo-9780190221911-0008.xml
https://www.poetryfoundation.org/learn/glossary-terms/structuralism#:~:text=In%20literary%20theory%2C%20structuralism%20challenged,and%20situated%20among%20other%20texts.