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Congress enacted this to address the inequality of educational oppurtunity for underprivilaged children. This helped ensure that disadvantaged students had access to quality education.
This first case sided in favor of students with intellectual and learning disabilities in state-run institutions. The second case made it unlawful for the D.c board of education to deny certain individuals access to publicly fuded education oppurtunities.
This was the Education for all Handicapped children act. All states that accept money from the federal government must provide equal access to education for children with disabilities. This law also included that each child could get one free meal per day.
This was an amendment to the All handicapped children act. Instead of waiting until the age three now it is individual states provide services to families of children born with disabilities from the day they are born.
"The Rowley case gave a little bit more definition of “appropriate” and related services, held the school district accountable for procedural violations that caused harm to the student, and it determined that grades are not to be the sole criteria in determining success." (Lightner, 2023)
During this case it was determined that a child can stay in school despite his disability needs. "The case stands out as the court’s first attempt to define the distinction between “school health services” and “medical services.” " (Lightner, 2023)
President Reagan signed this act so parent's of children with disabilities could have more say so in their child's individual education plan.
In this case a student was suspended for disruptive and violent behavior that was because of his disability." the court affirmed that the state must provide services directly to students with disabilities when local school boards fail to do so, and it further clarified “stay put.” Stay Put or Pendency, is the concept that a child stays put in their current placement while IEP disputes are resolved. "
Called for early intervention, greater accountability, and improved educational outocomes for SPED students. They also raised the standards for instructors who teach SPED students.
Peter W.D. Wright, E. and P. D. W. (n.d.). The history of special education law in the United States by Peter W.D. Wright, Esq. and Pamela Darr Wright - Wrightslaw. Wrightslaw Special Education Law and Advocacy. Retrieved January 22, 2023, from https://www.wrightslaw.com/law/art/history.spec.ed.law.htm
Lightner, L. (2023, January 19). What is FAPE? 8 Special Education Court cases that defined our kids' rights. A Day in our Shoes. Retrieved January 22, 2023, from https://adayinourshoes.com/supreme-court-cases-that-changed-special-education/