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Francis Sumner Presentation
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Francis Cecil Sumner
:Jordan Brunson
Clark Atlanta University
General Psychology
"Father of Black Psychology"
Personal Life:
- Born December 7, 1895. One of two sons of David and Ellen Sumner little is known about them
- Began program that consist of intense reading and writing assignments developed by his parents where is father was taught the same way
- Adopted the last name Sumner from Massachusetts senator Charles Sumner - A leading opponents of slavery and Radical republican
- Never went to high school and still mange to earn bachelor's @15 years old (Lincoln University)
- Served in the U.S. Army in 1918, Following discharge ended up receiving his PhD in June 1920
Education:
- He received elementary school education in Norfolk, Virginia and Plainfield, New Jersey
- Returned to Lincoln as both a grad student and a teacher of psychology and German
- Bachelor's @Lincoln University, second bachelor's degree @Clark University in Massachusetts, and tried at PhD @UoI or University of Illinois ended back at Clark to finally get his PhD
Career:
- First teaching position @ Wilberforce University in Ohio 1920-21
- Southern University in Louisiana summer of 1921
- Fall 1921, Began working as instructor of psychology and philosophy @West Virginia State College
- Published two articles in Educational Review concerning strategies for the improvement of African-American education
- Fall 1928 left West Virginia and was accepted at Howard University to upgrade to program
- In 1930, with support of Howard's president Sumner established a psychology department
- Sumner published a large number of articles despite having no funding
Impact:
Sumner was the first African American to receive a PhD in psychology in the United States also known, "Father of Black American psychologists" His career paved the way for other black psychologists and a plus concerning equality and racial justice in education system. His main focus was race psychology he studied the understanding and eliminate racial bias in the administration of justice. Twenty years went by as the department leader developed a quality program that became a major force in some of this most famous students such as Dr. Kenneth Clark and Mamie Clark.
How Things Could've Happened:
The way Psychology might be different without his work is simple. In Sumner's era, he was the first black psychologist so him not being the first it wouldn't ultimately not pave the way for other black psychologists. It may have been someone else different giving out the same information with race psychology but being the first black psychologist to do it and to receive a PhD is a big deal.
Work Cited:
William H. Pruden III Ravenscroft School. (2021, March 12). Francis Cecil Sumner (1895–1954). Encyclopedia of Arkansas. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://encyclopediaofarkansas.net/entries/francis-cecil-sumner-6291/
American Psychological Association. (2012). Featured psychologists: Francis Cecil Sumner, Phd and Inez Beverly Prosser, Phd. American Psychological Association. Retrieved April 4, 2023, from https://www.apa.org/pi/oema/resources/ethnicity-health/psychologists/sumner-prosser