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6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6CO2
Light-Dependent Reactions use H2O and energy from sunlight to produce ATP, NADPH, and O2.
Light-Dependent Reactions take place in the Thylakoid Membranes located in the Chloroplast of a plant cell.
Light-Inependent Reactions
Also known as the Calvin Cycle
Light-Independent Reactions use ATP, NADPH and CO2 to produce NADP, Glucose, and ADP.
Light-Independent Reactions take place in the Stroma located in the Chloroplasts of plant cells.
C6H12O6 + 6CO2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O
The process of Glycolysis is the first step in Cellular Respiration. It takes place in the Cytoplasm of the cell. It takes Glucose and turns it into Pyruvate, and it releases ATP. It can be both aerobic and anaerobic, meaning it does need oxygen but not always.
The next step of Cellular Respiration is the Krebs Cycle. It takes place in the Mitochondrial Matrix. It is an aerobic process, meaning it does need oxygen. It takes in Acetyl CoA and produces Carbon Dioxide, NADH, FADH2, and ATP.
The final step of Cellular Respiration is the Electron Transport Chain. It takes place in the Mitochondria. It is an aerobic process, which means it needs oxygen. Electrons are passed from one molecule to another, releasing energy known as ATP.
Fermentation takes place in the Cytoplasm of the plant cell.
In this type of Fermentation, Pyruvate is changed to Lactic Acid and NAD+ is regenerated. It is a difficult exercise which can lead to less oxygen being present, causing Lactic Acid to build up and that can cause soreness and muscle fatigue. This process is used to make things such as cheese, yogurt, and soy sauce.
During the process of Alcoholic Fermentation, Pyruvate is changed to Ethanol and Carbon Dioxide. NAD+ is regenerated. This process can be seen in bacterias and yeast. It is used to make items such as bread, beer and wine.