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- Elderly, PWDs, Minorities and Immigrants.
- 1 in 10 Americans use PT daily.
- Low income/Black/Hispanic/Immigrants
- Lower automobile access
- Live further away from jobs
Associations between active commuting, body fat, and body mass index
- Cross-sectional, ~16 000 participants
- BMI & Body Fat % analysed
- Three categories of commuting
1. Private
2. Public
3. Active
Public:
BMI = 1.10 lower (95% CI, 0.53-1.67)
BF% = 2.42 lower (95% CI, 1.23-3.60)
Active:
BMI = 0.97 lower (95% CI, 0.36-0.87)
BF% = 2.22 lower ( 95% CI,1.14-3.30)
- - - - - - - - -
Public:
BMI = 0.72 lower (95% CI, 0.53-1.67)
BF% = 1.97 lower (95% CI, 0.87-3.08)
Active:
BMI = 0.87 lower (95% CI, 0.36-0.87)
BF% = 1.39 lower (95% CI, 0.56-2.22)
Complementary!
- Association between PT and AT examined with respect to MVPA and steps per day.
- Active transport for >10min = higher odds of meeting MVPA.
- Men : 2.01 OR (95C%CI, 1.58-2.54)
- Women: 1.57 OR (95%CI, 1.25-1.96)
BUT
- Greater association when PT + AT
- Men: 2.98 OR (95% CI, 2.31-3.91)
- Women: 1.82 OR (95%CI, 1.45-2.29)
- Transportation is a key factor in isolation!
- Older adults , PWDs face unique risks regarding isolation and loneliness.
- 2018 Transportation Needs and Assessment by National Ageing and Disability Transportation Center
- Actual & perceived social isolation both associated with increased risk for early mortality
- Social isolation : avg 29% increased, OR = 1.29
- Loneliness: avg 26% increased, OR = 1.26
- Living alone: avg 32% increased, OR = 1.32
- No significant differences across gender, region, length of follow-up.
- Social deficits more predictive of death in samples with an avg age < 65 years
pteg (UK): 4As
1. Affordability
2. Availability
3. Accessibility
4. Acceptability