War in Yemen

Reflection

After watching the video, which of the international relations theories could explain better what is happening regarding the War in Yemen?

Constructivism

Liberalism

Realism

Realism: Key Actors

States: Yemen, Saudi Arabia-led coalition, Iran, and the United States

Realism : Rebel and Violent Groups

Houthi Rebels

Antagonistic

Power-Seeking

Selfish

Realism : Rebel and Violent Groups

State

=

Unitary Actor

Antagonistic

Power-Seeking

Selfish

Realism: View of the States

ANARCHY

National Interest

Power

Failed State

Security & Power

Religion

Realism:War in Yemen

Realism: Polarity

Saudi Arabia: Hegemony in the Region?

Constructivism

Human Rights

Liberalism

Realism

Liberalism: Key actors

States: Yemen, Saudi Arabia – led coalition, Iran, US, United Arab Emirates

Non-governmental groups: HOUTHIS, HIRANK, Al Qaeda, Isis, AIDARUS

International organization: UN

Liberalism: Individual

• Individuals connecting and forming HOUTHIS
• Hadi cooperating with Saudi Arabia
• Hadi operating his government outside the country
• Saleh cooperating with HOUTHIS
• Saleh offering to make an end to the fight

Liberalism: Involvement of non-state actors

• HOUTHIS & HIRAK opposing the proposal of dividing Yemen into 6 regions
• Al Qaeda & ISIL
• HOUTHIS connecting with Saleh
• Saleh's supporters uniting against HOUTHIS

Liberalism: View of state

• Iran backing up Houthis
• Saudi Arabia forming a coalition
• US running their own campaign
• UAE backing up AIDARUS
• All members of coalition pursuing their agendas

Liberalism: View of the international system

Constructivism

Human Rights

Liberalism

Realism

Constructivism: sees the world as socially constructed

Constructivism: religious borders Sunni vs. Shia

Constructivism:

Houthis vs. Southern Movement

Constructivism: Houthi expansion during the war (2012 -2017)

Constructivism: proxy wars

Constructivism

Human Rights

Liberalism

Realism

Human Rights Perspective

"The forgotten war"

Human Rights: Humanitarian Crisis

Bombings of civilian infrastructure and strategic access points

Human rights: UN key data

Human rights: UN key data

2 million

2.9 million

GDP -61%

22 million

10,000 people died in 3.5 years (unrevised)

85,000 children

8.4 million

18 million

Human rights: Famine?

"Killing a generation" (Save the Children)

Human rights: What's Next?

Draft resolution to the Security Council

Peace talks?

Key points

Group of Experts: UN

Naval and Air Restrictions

Cluster Munitions

Destruction of Medical Facilities / Cultural and Educational Facilities

Enlistment of Children in Army

Coalition air strikes

Conclusion

After receiving our input, which of the international relations theories do you personally believe explains better what is happening regarding the War in Yemen? Has it changed from your initial thought?

Constructivism

Liberalism

Realism