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Bioenergetics Mind Map

Tegan Ballas

Basic Overview

Photosyenthesis

Photosynthesis is an anabolic pathway, meaning it uses energy to build larger molecules.

This process occurs in the cholorplasts. The choroplasts contain thylakoids (flat membranes that are stacked together), granum (a stack of thylakoids), and the stroma (a fluid filled space that surrounds the thylakoids).

The main pigment is chlorophyll. Pigments absorb light, and then that light energy is tranfered to electrons. Blue and violet are best absorbed, while green and yellow reflect.

The equation of photosynthesis is:

6H2O + 6CO2 -> (sunlight) 6O2 +C6H12O6

Light Dependent Reaction (Photosystem II)

This process takes place in the thylakoid membrane. Light energy and water are needed for this process. The light energy is then absorbed and converted to chemical energy, ADP+P=ATP, NADP+ + e- + H+ = NADPH. By the end of this process, oxygen has been produced.

Light Dependent Reaction

Light Independent Reaction (Photosystem I)

Light Independent Reactions

Another name for this process is the Calvin Cycle. The light independent reactions occur in the stroma. Carbon dioxide is the reactant in this process. ATP and NADPH from the light dependent reactions are combined with carbon dioxide to make glucose. Glucose is a high energy sugar, and plants use it in the process of making their food and energy.

Steps to Photosynthesis

Electron Transport:

-Light makes contact with Photosystem II

-2H2O are split (e- to electron transport chain, H+ to thylakoid space, and Oxygen is sent as a waste)

-Electron moved to electron acceptor; moves down chain and hydrogen is pumped to thylakoid space

Second Step:

-Electrons were reenergized

-Protein transfers electrons to NADP+ making 2NADPH

Chemiosmosis:

-Hydrogen ion realised during ETC and move down concentration gradient (through ATP Synthase) making ATP

Overview Steps of Photosythesis

Basic Overview

Cellular Respiration

Fermentation

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