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INTRODUCTION to

GYMNASTICS

  • Gymnastics is an exciting activity that serves as the foundation of all sports and other physical activities.

INTRO

  • Gymnastics teaches individuals how to roll, move, swing, jump, and turn upside down.

OBJECTIVES

ABOUT

After studying this module you should be able to:

  • Define Gymnastics
  • List down and demonstrate the loco motor and non-loco motor movements

LET'S LEARN MORE ABOUT

GYMNASTICS

PROGRAMS

1

  • Gymnastics is a sport of the future, which, nonetheless, enjoys a long heritage and preserves an ancient tradition of demonstrating exactly what a person is capable of.
  • Gymnastics involves the performance of exercises, on or with an apparatus, or a partner, requiring physical strength, flexibility, coordination, power, agility, grace, balance and control.
  • Gymnastics is one of the oldest Olympic sports and one of the World’s most popular sports. Moreover, it is one of the most inclusive sports where male or female, young or old, able-bodied or disabled can take part.

2

  • The term ‘gymnastics’ is derived from the Greek word ‘gymnos’, which means to exercise naked , as athletes in ancient times exercised and competed without clothing. At that time, the main goal of gymnastics was to prepare strong and capable soldiers for war.
  • However, there was a clear emphasis placed upon the physical preparation of the body when the well-developed physique of the gymnasts became an object of admiration and adoration.

3

  • Many writers on education have valued gymnastics from the point of view of health and advocated the benefits of gymnastic exercise for the body. During its development, gymnastics gradually moved away from preparation for war towards entertainment in the form of competitive sport.
  • The sport is a complex combination that involves physical strength, flexibility, power, agility, coordination, grace, balance and control.
  • Out of all the different disciplines, competitive artistic gymnastics is the most well-known, but the other forms of gymnastics, including rhythmic gymnastics and aerobic gymnastics, have also gained widespread popularity.

ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS

The most popular and widely-practiced form, artistic gymnastics is divided into women’s and men’s gymnastics. Women compete on four events: vault, uneven bars, balance beam and floor exercise, while men compete on six events: floor exercise, pommel horse, still rings, vault, parallel bars, and high bar. The sport consists mainly of the use of various gymnastic apparatus, as well as the use of the floor for different exercises.

VAULT

UNEVEN BARS

FLOOR EXERCISE

BALANCE BEAM

STILL RINGS

FLOOR EXERCISE

POMMEL HORSE

PARALLEL BARS

HORIZONTAL BAR

VAULT

STILL RINGS

FLOOR EXERCISE

POMMEL HORSE

PARALLEL BARS

HORIZONTAL BAR

VAULT

RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS

  • Rhythmic gymnastics is the performance of various gymnastics moves and dance exercises to music, with or without various gymnastic apparatus.
  • There are also group routines consisting of two to six gymnasts, performing with a maximum of two apparatuses of their choice.

AEROBIC GYMNASTICS

  • Aerobic gymnastics, also known as sport aerobics, involves the performance of routines by individuals, pairs, trios, or groups of up to six people.
  • These routines typically emphasize strength, flexibility and aerobic fitness, rather than acrobatic or balance skills. Routines typically lasting 60 to 90 seconds are performed on floors, without the use of other apparatus.

The body movements are classified into the following types.

BODY

MOVEMENTS

The movements are done by a part or several parts of the body in a stationary place.

These movements include the following:

AXIAL

or

NON LOCO MOTOR

  • Bend or Flex – a movement which is done by moving the body or part of the body around a wide axis.

  • Lift or raise – a movement which is done by elevating apart of the body or the whole body to a desired level.

  • Stretch, extend, or straighten – the lengthening of the body part.

NEXT..

  • Twist - moving the body around a point.

  • Circle – moving a body apart around a point.

  • Swing – a continuous movement of the body from one point to the other.

  • Turn or rotate - the changing of direction to move around an axis.

These are movements which bring the performer from one place to the other. These include the following movements.

LOCO

MOTOR

  • Walking – a series of steps in any direction.

  • Running – a walk with longer strides with the pushing off the feet to suspend the body momentarily in the air.

  • Hopping – a movement done by a spring on one foot and landing on the same foot.

  • Skipping – a step and a hop with the same foot in one count.

2..

  • Skipping – a step and a hop with the same foot in one count.

  • Leaping - a spring of one foot and landing on the other foot.

  • Jumping – a spring on both feet and landing on one or both feet.

The following are preparatory movements to

locomotor movements.

3...

  • Point – to touch the floor with the toes and with the knee well extended.

  • Step – to transfer weight from one foot to the other.

  • Place – to touch the floor with the whole of the foot with slight body weight on it

  • Spring – to push off the legs in the air.
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