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William Shakespeare
2
Transcript
URSO MARIACISTINA 3D
The revenge tragedy
Shakespeare, in his work, does not only follow the conventions of the revenge tragedy. He rather uses this theme to develop others. In the work "Hamlet" these conventions are analyzed and Shakespeare overturns the revenge tragedy, in which the hero only kills his enemy at the end and usually dies himself. Here, however, he eliminates those obstacles that do not allow the hero to take revenge.
In fact, at the end of the first act, the hero discovers the identity of his father's murderer and is able to kill Claudio right from the start. None of the other characters stand in the way of his desire for revenge and, living in his palace like his enemies, he has plenty of opportunities to formulate his own conspiracy.
Although the themes dealt with in Hamlet are many and all centered on humanity, such as the relationships between father and son, mother and son, or friendship; but also love relationships; madness: Hamlet pretends to be mad to carry out his plans more easily (“there’s reason in his madness”, Polonius says after talking to him); youth and age; action and inaction (in the monologue) thinking too much prevents Hamlet from taking action; corruption linked to power; the existence of God and a life after death; the meaning of the theatre itself: “the play within the play”, a mere fiction, shows the truth.
We also find the theme of honor: any action to correct a wrong should be reasoned, not emotional (many actions taken impulsively by Hamlet cause great trouble to other people: Polonius, Ophelia).
Themes
However Shakespeare has decided to present two main themes, very important to him, highlighting doubt and uncertainty in the character.
The work contains all the typical elements of the revenge tragedy: a brutal crime committed on a member of the hero's family, the hero's doubts linked to complex planning, the appearance of a ghost that pushes the avenger to complete the task, monologues and distortions of the avenger, his isolation, which can turn into madness. It is also a bloody action and there are many deaths in the game.
The features of reverenge tragedy
Hamlet feels a great feeling of melancholy, in fact he complains of having to play a role in which he does not believe. He is not the avenger in the game of revenge, he is not the heir to the throne, he is not the heroine's lover and he is not the son of his now deceased father. Hamlet was shocked by his father's death and his mother's new marriage caused this great dejection in him.
Melancholy
Play-within-the-play
The function of the play-within-the-play is wanted by Hamlet to unmask the killer of his father, and we find it in the third act. Also, it's a very interesting system because it turns the actors into an audience. William uses this device particularly in Hamlet. Here the protagonist uses the representation of a tragedy called “The murder of Gonzago” and his main function is to trap Claudio by making him reveal his guilt.
In the use of Hamlet's language, a particular characteristic appears first of all: ambiguity. He particularly uses word games, but also similes and metaphors.
His words have hidden meanings, and have great similarities with the language of the unconscious, which proceeds undergoing various forms of deformation and changes of meaning.
Hamlet's language
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