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Friedrich Froebel

Theory

Claudia Varela

Sandra Elias

Rajvir  Dhaliwal

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"Children are like tiny flowers; they are varied and need care, but each is beautiful alone and glorious when seen in a community of peers."

"

Froebel Theory

  • Friedrich Froebel (1782-1852) German educationalist.
  • Froebel invented the profession of a kindergarten teacher
  • Importance of play and learning through nature.
  • Froebel believed that young children possess unique capabilities and needs, and that adults should serve as the "gardeners" of children's potential.
  • Froebel asserted that young children learn best in settings that provide a stimulating and prepared environment where they can explore and learn from their own experiences and perspectives. 

Principles

  • Learning through Play

  • Respect the individual's developmental pace.

  • Practitioners serve as a guide.

  • The classroom should be a prepared environment

  • The importance of movement.

Classical Tradition

1918

  • Theories of the classic traditions are those that were prevalent before the first World War 1900s.

  • The classical era focused on the children, who were not seen as innocent and needed protection.

World War I

1914

1914

Froebel Classic Theory

1914

World War I

1837

Froebel First Kindergarten

  • Friedrich Froebel. In 1837,Froebel created a program for young children based on 'play and activity’.
  • Froebel rejected the tradition of teacher-led education which viewed children as passive learners. Rather he believed in education through activity and enquiry.
  • Friedrich Froebel belongs to the classics of young children educational theory. Likewise, the concept of the kindergarten was a new form of culture that seeked to unite work, family and childcare.

Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi

Swiss educational reformer

Pestalozzi’s pedagogical doctrines stressed that instructions should proceed from the familiar to the new, incorporate the performance of concrete arts and the experience of actual emotional responses, and be paced to follow the gradual unfolding of the child’s development.

Born Jan. 12, 1746, Zürich—died Feb. 17, 1827, Brugg, Switz.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau

Swiss-born French philosopher

Rousseau�s theory of education emphasized the importance of expression to produce a well-balanced, freethinking child. He believed that if children are allowed to develop naturally without constraints imposed on them by society they will develop towards their fullest potential, both educationally and morally. This natural development should be child-centered and focused on the needs and experiences of the child at each stage of development.

Jean-Jacques Rousseau, born June 28, 1712, Geneva, Switzerland—died July 2, 1778

Theories

  • Froebel was influenced by the outstanding German idealist philosophers of his time and by Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Pestalozzi. 

  • Froebel's approach, methods and thinking influenced and inspired many of the more well-known early childhood education advocates including  Maria Montessori 

  • Many of his ideas on the importance of play and learning through nature continue to influence further Play Theories in Early Years as well as nursery practice today.

Image of Child

  • Froebel saw young children as curious, investigative learners with an innate impetus for self-activity from birth.
  • Froebel believed that young children possess unique capabilities and needs and that adults should serve as the "gardeners" of children's potential.
  • Froebel asserted that young children learn best in settings that provide a stimulating and prepared environment.

Educator’s Role

  • Observing,
  • Reflecting on observations.
  • Working in close partnership with parents, families and community.
  • A commitment to reflective practice and further study.

  • An inherent aspect of the Froebellian approach is the study and appreciation of plants and nature

  • Froebel devised a series of simple but deeply thought about materials he called ‘gifts’ and ‘occupations’ for use in his kindergartens.

  • Gifts

The gifts included small crocheted balls on strings for babies and a series of increasingly complex boxed blocks in the shape of a cube, subdivided into different geometric configurations.

  • Occupation

The occupations included sewing, weaving, paper folding, paper pricking, clay, sticks and peas for construction, parquetry and woodwork. Crucially they were seen as interconnected parts of a whole approach.

Environment

Family Involvement

  • Unity, connectedness and community
  • Children thrive when there is a close connection between the kindergarten and the family and culture of each child. Respectful partnerships with parents were therefore essential.
  • Froebel education stresses that parents are the first educators for children and that there should be close links between home and school.

  • Louis , S., & Powell, S. (2020, March). About Friedrich Froebel, who invented "Kindergarten". Froebel Trust. Retrieved March 2, 2022, from https://www.froebel.org.uk/about-us/the-power-of-play/about-friedrich- froebel
  • The British Association for Early Childhood Education. (n.d.). Friedrich Froebel. Early Education. Retrieved March 2, 2022, from https://early- education.org.uk/friedrich-froebel/
  • The Froebel Approach. Care For Kids. (2022, January 20). Retrieved March 3, 2022, from https://www.careforkids.com.au/
  • Froebel USA. (2018, February 16). Froebel Gift play day trailer - youtube. Retrieved March 3, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rwDHEH0A6OQ
  • Froebel USA. (2018, January 25). Froebel Inspired Design Education | . YouTube. Retrieved March 2, 2022, from https://www.youtube.com/?gl=NL
  • Froebel's Play Theory. Twinkl.ca. (n.d.). Retrieved March 2, 2022, from https://www.twinkl.ca/teaching-wiki/froebels-play-theory.

REFERENCES

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