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ESP is commonly referred to as the "sixth sense." It is a sense that is experienced by the mind instead of bodily sensations like other senses. Different types of ESP include telepathy, psychometry, and clairvoyance. One theory about how ESP works is that information travels in energy waves and people with ESP can read it. Ex. Radio waves, Gamma waves, X-Rays,etc.
ESP has been a concept since the beginning of time but the theory become more developed in the last century. The concept of ESP has been called clairvoyance, cryptesthia, and relesthia. Researcher/Professor J.B. Rhine was the first person to call clairvoyance, ESP. The concept of ESP was thought to be originated from shamans and psychics who claimed they had supernatural powers.
The most accepted theory today among believers is that ESP is leaked over from an alternate reality. The images that some people see are from alternate realities. This theory is the most widely accepted because it works independent of physical distance. Another theory of ESP is that ESP energy moves in electromagnetic waves and can be picked up by people with special senses.
An ESP study was done by Patrizio E. Tressoldi, Lance Storm, and Dean Radin to determine if ESP was possible using quantum mechanics in 2010. The research team analyzed data from the 20th and 21st century to determine if ESP was possible. They also tested quantum mechanical properties and traditional neuroscience models but were unsuccessful in proving the presence of ESP. They concluded that ESP was possible but not likely with quantum mechanics and that further testing would be required to reach a conclusion.
A study, conducted by Daryl Bem, shows promising evidence of ESP. Daryl Bem is a researcher who conducted nine studies that used over 1000 students on ESP. He found that about half of all students had the ability to predict outcomes which is higher than the theoretical outcome based purely on chance. He does however, acknowledge that there needs to be further replication to know for sure if ESP exists.
Lance Storm and Suitbert Ertel published a study in 2001 analyzing 79 studies from 1974 to 1996 conducting Ganzfeld tests to test ESP. Ganzfeld tests involve 2 subjects each in different rooms. One is a sender while the other is a receiver. The receiver is blindfolded and listens to white noise while the sender chooses a target to send telepathically to the receiver. The receiver is then given a set of targets and chooses the target they saw. It was later determined that their research was not methodical and was inaccurate.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gVVNBIMdF_M
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GJLQvotPNbI
In my experiment, I selected 4 cards, which were aces of each suit. I used two decks for a total of 2 of each card and gave one set to myself and one set for the subject. I set my 4 cards face down in front of me and set the subjects 4 cards face up in front of them. Then, I randomly selected a card and asked the subject to pick which card was the one that I had drawn. I then repeated this process 10 times for each subject and shuffled my cards after each trial. The subjects in this experiment were my parents who each completed 10 trials for a total of 20 data points. Theoretically just by chance, they should choose the same card as I did 25% of the time. In 9/20 of the trials, the subject chose the same card as me which is 45%. This is higher than the theoretical chance however this experiment has very few data points. An ideal experiment should be conducted multiple times and have hundreds of data points.