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Functions
* to provide quick energy for the cells
* can also be used as cell structure
Characteristics/Properties
* most are hydrophilic (work well with water)
*most will dissolve well in water with the exception if larger carbohydrates
*larger carbohydrates will absorb water
Monomers/Polymers
* A starch polymer is made of glucose monomers in a branched structure
* Cellulose is a polymer made of glucose monomers in a straight, rigid structure
* The glycogen polymer is made of many glucose monomers
Examples
*sugars
*starches
*glycogen
*cellulose
Lipids
Characteristics/Properties
* Polar phosphate “head”
* Nonpolar fatty acid “tails”
Functions
* store energy for later use
* make up cell membranes
* used to make steroids/hormones
Monomers/Polymers
* The polymer is triglyceride made from glycerol and fatty acids
Examples
* fats
*oils
* cholesterol
* steroids
* hormones
Functions
*Key to homeostasis, or the body’s tendency to maintain stable internal conditions
*Help circulation
*Makes up structures of the body
Ex: Hair, nails, cellular structures
*System of defense
*Signal carriers
*Control chemical reactions with in cells
Characteristics/Properties
* There are 3 parts the the protein structure; amino group, carboxyl group, and the R-group
* Each protein differs in the amount of amino acids
* Protein structures are folded
Examples
* Enzymes
* Hormones
Monomers/Polymers
*The monomer of amino acids make up the polymer of protein
* Amino acids are linked together by peptide bonds
Function
* store genetic information
* build proteins
Characteristics/Properties
* made of groups connected to a base
Examples
*DNA
*RNA
Monomer/Polymer
* The polymer, nucleic acid is made of the monomer, nucleotides