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Elements of a

Short Story

F

Breaking Down 5 Components of Fictional Stories

E

1) Plot

The sequence of events that happen in a story. Planned in a way that makes sense from beginning, middle, to the end.

5 Main Components:

  • Introduction (Exposition) - The beginning of the story where characters are revealed
  • Rising Action - Events in the story become complicated, the conflict begins
  • 2 types of Conflict:

1) Internal conflict - characters battle with themselves and their own thoughts/ideas.

2) External conflict - characters battle with other characters, with nature, and/or with society.

  • Climax - The turning point in the story
  • Falling Action - The conflict begins to get solved. Things start 'falling into place'
  • Conclusion (Resolution) - Final outcomes of events in the story.

2) Setting

D

The time and location that a story takes place.

  • Place = geographical location
  • Time = historical period, time of day
  • Weather = outside weather conditions (snow, hot, etc.)
  • Mood and/or Atmosphere = what feeling is created?

C

3) Character

There are two meanings for character:

1) The person in the fictional story

Protagonist - The main character, the 'good guy'

Antagonist - Goes against the main character, the 'bad guy'

2) Qualities of a person

They can be revealed through:

a) physical appearance - what they look like

b) what one thinks, feels, dreams, does or doesn't do during events

c) what others say about that person and how they react

B

4) Point Of View

The angle from which the story is told:

1) First Person: The story is told/narrated by the main character. Speaker uses I, we, and me throughout the story.

2) Second Person: The story is told by the narrator and addresses the reader as you, your, and yours.

3) Third Person: The story is told by a narrator who sees all of the action. Speaker uses he, she, and it

5) Theme

A

The central message or the moral of the story.

There are ways to discover/find the theme:

a) Look at the title of the story.

b) Find various figures of speech throughout the story *we will learn these later

c) Try to find words or concepts that are repeated throughout the story.

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