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The Life of Franz Schubert

By Lily Shelhorse

1797

Early Life

Franz Peter Schubert

Schubert was born on January 31st, 1797 in Himmelpfortgrund, Austria.

He is the 4th surviving son, 12th child, of Elizabeth and Theodore Schubert.

His mother, Elizabeth, was a homemaker and his father, Theodore, was a school teacher.

His family helped cultivate a love for music within young Schubert.

His father and older brother, Ignaz, both were the people who first teach him music.

Education

As a young boy Schubert played the violin, piano, and the organ.

He eventually enrolled at the Skadtkanvikt, which trained young vocalists so they could one day sing at the chapel of the Imperial Court.

In 1808 he won a scholarship that awarded him a spot in the courts chapel choir.

Schubert then played violin in the Students Orchestra and was promoted to leader soon after joining the class.

He even conducted in the absence of his teacher, Wensel Ruzickas.

Teenage years

In 1812 his voice dropped so he left the college.

It is reported that still continued his instruction with Antonio Salier for three more years.

1814

Young Adulthood

After College

After leaving the college Schubert moved back home, after some pressure from his family, and enrolled at a teacher college in Vienna.

Schubert then took a job as an assistant at his fathers school.

For the next four years Schubert worked as a schoolmaster but also continued to compose music.

Young Composer

Schubert proved to be a prolific writer from 1813 to 1815

and by 1814 he had written a number of piano pieces and produced a string quartet, a symphony, and a three act opera.

Over the next year he made two more symphonies and two of his first Lieds, "Gretchen am Spinnrade" and "Erlkonig."

Soon the first public performance of one of his works "Italian Overture in C Major" on March 1st, 1818, in Vienna,

1818

The Composing years

Full Time Musician

In 1818 Schubert left education to full time make music after being inspired by the public performance of one of his pieces.

That summer he composed a string of material, including "Variations on a French song in E minor" and the "Sonata in B Flat Major" as well as several dances and songs.

That same year he returned to Vienna and composed the opera "Die ZwillingSbruder" which was preformed in 1820 with some mild success.

Successful Times

The performances as well as his other pieces expanded his popularity and appeal.

In 1820 he was hired by two opea houses, the Karthnerthot Theatre and the Theatre-an-der-Wein, to compose a pair of operas. Unfortunately, neither did very real.

Although he was popular many publishers were afraid to take a chance on Schubert because his music was not considered very traditional.

1821

Maturity

The Partying Years

In 1821, with the help of his friends, he began to earn money by offering his songs on a subscription basis.

In this time money came many from Vienna and Schubert was known to be an extreme party goer, sometimes known to party for days at a time.

The begining of the end

By late 1822 Schuberts good fortune had run out as his financial needs went unmet, his friendships became strained and he became severely sick. (It is agreed by most Historians that he had contracted Syphilis.)

However, Schubert continued to produce at a high rate.

At this time he produced "Wander Fantasy", "Eighth Symphony","Die Schone Mullerin","Die Verschworenen", and the opera "Fierrabras."

In 1824, he wrote "String Quartet in A minor" and a second string quartet in D minor and "Octet in F Major."

1826

The Final Years

Inspired

In 1826, he applied for the job of musical director at the Stadtkonvikt but unfortunatly failed to get the job.

During this time his fortunes improved, his musical output continued, and his popularity in Vienna increased.

In 1827, influnced by the late Beethoven, Schubert created a string of pieces including the first 12 songs of the "Winterreise" as well as the "Piano Sonata in C minor" and "Impromptus" and "Moments Musicaux."

In 1828 he was reported to be very ill but he continued compose.

During this time he produced what is considered by many to be his best piano duet "Fantasy in F Minor", he also wrote "Mirjam's Siegesgesang" and his last 3 piano pieces.

Final Sucess

On March 26th, 1828, Schubert had his first and final public concert took place.

The concert was sucessfull enough that he was able to finally buy himself his own piano.

Soon after, with failing health, he moved in with his brother Ferdinand.

Schubert then died on November 19th, 1828, in Vienna, Austria.

Lasting Impact and Quick Facts

After Death

Franz Schubert is now considered the last of the classical composers and one of the first Romantic Composers, his music is notated for its melody and harmony.

Schubert composed operas, symphonies, 600 sonfs, overtures and masses, string quartets, quintets, an octet, 20 pinao sonatas, and some 50 choral works.

In 1815 alone he wrote 20,000 bars of music, nine church works, a symphony, and about 150 songs. (Including 8 songs in a single day in October)

Schubert was also only 5 feet, 1 inches tall.

The Big Fanboy

Schubert was also a very big fan of Mozart and Beethoven.

Sadly Schubert was too nervous to introduce himself to Beethoven whenever they passed each other on the streets of Vienna.

However, on Beethovens deathbed he was shown some of Schuberts work and proclaimed that a genious was within Schubert.

Then, in March of 1827, he was a torchbearer at Beethoven's funeral.

The Art Song

The art song is one of the most distinctive forms in romantic music, a composition for solo voice and piano.

The art song is the musical representation of a poem.

The Art Song

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