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The Selk'Nam People
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The Selk'nam People
The Lost Tribes of Tierra del Fuego
A Little Background Information
History & Origins
Where did they come from?
Selk'Nam People Are Closely Linked to Australian Aborigines
Aborigines or Native Americans?
Who is who?
They Were Hearty, Tough, Adaptive People
Nomadic Hunters
- Ate guanaco(llama) and fox.
- No concept of agriculture or privately owned land or animals
- Moved around to hunt
- Average height was 187cm (~6' 2")
- Wore nothing but loin cloths
Culture
Basic Culture
- Also known as the Ona or Onowa
- Lived a hunter/gather lifestyle
- Lived in family tribes of 40-120
- Spoke the Chon language
- Complex beliefs
- Temaukel
- Hain - male initiation ceremony
- Missions and anthropologists of the early 20th century worked to preserve their traditions and cultures
- short dictionary of the language
What does their language sound like?
- Chon Language
Language
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ns6mIK1eYN0 1:50-2:35
Tierra Del Fuego
Selk'Nam were discovered here by Europeans in the 16th century.
- Subpolar Oceanic Climate
- Harsh Climates
Discovery
Current Whereabouts
-Considered extinct today
-Last one died in 1974 (Angela Loij)
-Last speaker of the Language died in the 1980s (Joubert Yanten Gomez)
Where are they now?
The Selk'nam Genocide
-Began with the arrival of Chilean, Argentinian and British settlers.
-Forcibly removed at first.
-Farmers/Ranchers campaigned for their extinction.
-The Gold Rush
Maurice Maitre
-Took 11 Selk'nam to paris
-Exhibited in a human zoo
Maurice Maitre
Selk'nam Mythology
Topic
- Deities
- Supreme Creator
- Four Sho'on (Infinite skies)
- Kamuk: Northern sky.
- Kenénik: Western sky.
- Kéikruk: Southern sky.
- Wintek: Eastern sky.
Howenh
Topic
Temáukel - God
Kenos - The Creator
Howenh - Kojh, the sea; Kren, the sun; Kre, the moon; Josh, the snow; and Shenrr, the wind.
Xalpen and her Soorts - Sate, Yoisik, Wakus, Keyaisl, Talen, Pawus and Sanu.
Hain rituals
Topic
- kids stories
- Kloketen
- Spirit Attacks
- Truths of Life (Man's circle)
- courage, resourcefulness, resisting temptation, resisting pain and overcoming fear
- Unknown to women
- Martin Gusinde
Kahoot
https://play.kahoot.it/v2/lobby?quizId=14cf78b3-ec26-463c-b570-89162b2954fe
Kahoot
KaHoot stuff
Resources
Topic
1. Calafate, J. Luis M. “Los Restos De Indígenas Que Fueron Zoológicos Humanos Llegan a Chile.” Organicamente, 10 Jan. 2010, www.organicamente.com.ar/los-restos-de-indigenas-que-fueron-zoologicos-humanos-llegan-a-chile/.
2. Clay, and Jason W. “Yahgan & Ona - The Road to Extinction.” Cultural Survival, 1 Sept. 1984, https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/yahgan-ona-road-extinction.
3. Georgievska, Marija. “The Tragedy of the Selk'nam People - One of the Last Native Tribes in South America.” The Vintage News, 19 Sept. 2016, www.thevintagenews.com/2016/09/19/tragedy-selknam-people-one-last-native-tribes-south-america/.
4. Notuh. “Angela Loij - Arch-Thal Subject of Anthropological Study.” Altrugenics Xen, 25 Sept. 2016, www.xen.altrugenics.com/xf/index.php?threads%2Fangela-loij-arch-thal-subject-of-anthropological-study.381%2F.
5. Pattara, Laura. “Selk'nam: Tierra Del Fuego's Last Forgotten Tribe.” Chimu Adventures Blog, 24 Sept. 2019, https://www.chimuadventures.com/blog/2016/10/tierra-del-fuego-selknam-tribe/.
6. “Selk'nam Genocide.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 13 Nov. 2019, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selk%27nam_genocide.
7. “Selk'nam Mythology.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 17 Oct. 2019, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selk'nam_mythology.
8.“Tierra Del Fuego: Chile Culture.” Chile Culture and Travel, 2017, http://www.chileculture.org/tierra-del-fuego/.