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Structuralism
Jann Jarelle C. Duria
CAPITALISM
Capitalism as a Stage Before Socialism
asiatic, ancient, feudal
socialist and communist-
ownership
Euro-centric
Capital
Labor
Bourgeoise
Proletariat
Paul Baran and Paul Sweezy
"monopoly capitalism”
”state-socialist
system.”
”ideas were similar
to those adopted
by the dependency
theorists.”
United Nations Economic Commission for Latin (ECLA)
increase national standard living
industrial sector to national development worker's income
demand in domestic market
trading system "free trade" was an obstacle
"infant industry”
"Import- substitution-industrialization" (ISI)
Land reform
"latifundia" - landlords
"minifundia" - farmers
redistributing of land so small scale farmers would have larger plots, should lead to poverty alleviation and increased productivity
coined the term "development of underdeveloped"
overthrow of Marxism is the
only solution
this is the solution of low economic growth
influence on policy-making was limited
overly concerned with
economic factors and
overlook social,
cultural/ political context
The two key factors are
global economic system
and the hierarchies within it.
Immanuel Wallerstein
-shares many characteristic with dependency theory
focus on state- level action and
excluding local-level process
World System
Dependency Theory
1. nation state level
3. core and periphery
1. world itself
2. historical dynamics of world
2. structural-historical model
3. core, semi-periphery, periphery
state of the means of production, trade, and prices
similar conception of modernity
often called "centrally-planned"
approach
needs of
population are
prioritized
socialist model of development
- access to health and
educational services
inequalities are
often low
Socialist model adopted by Lenin
focused on creating an urban
industrial economy.
1950's-1970's
1970's-1980's
1985
Perestroika
Success is undeniable.
Attempt to move
to new regime
Josef Stalin, 1929 came to power and the Soviet Project of the social ownership and production intensified.
Stalin's terror
- Approximately 628,500 were executed brutally and 15,223,500 people on camps
- environmental damage
- state control of economic process increased together with state power
central state planning 5 year plan
- peasant revolution
- rural development
"Great Leap Forward"
In 1976, Mao death
Market socialism
- communal system
Communist Party
Public anti-government:
behavior is restricted
increase national standard living
industrial sector to national development worker's income
demand in domestic market
In 1957, Ghana's interdependence
from Britain rural development
strategies classless society
1. capitalist development
2. Marxist- Leninism/
Afro-Marxism
3. populist socialism/ African socialism
response to the failures of
the neoliberal model
Brazilian Landless
Rural Workers Movement