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keyvan jahanfar

Updated Sept. 13, 2020

Transcript

((In The Name Of GOD))

Study of The Stress

Effect on Spiny

Projection Neurons

By

Pathophysiological Computing Modeling of Basement Metabolism

Presented by Roya Tadayon

Idea

Problem Statement

Introduction

Medium Spiny Neurons (MSNs)

Definition

Definitions

MSNs Functions

Importance

MSNs Related Disorders

Parkinson's disease

By pdtulip.com - http://www.pdtulip.com/, Copyrighted free use, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=43631205

Importance

Causes & Pathophysiology

By Thomas Jubault 1,2*, Simona M. Brambati 1, Clotilde Degroot 1, Benoît Kullmann 1, Antonio P. Strafella 3, Anne-Louise Lafontaine 4, Sylvain Chouinard 5, Oury Monchi1,2 1 Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionelle, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 2 Département de Radiologie, Université de Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 3 Toronto Western Hospital/Research Institute & CAMH-PET Imaging Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, 4 Movement Disorders Unit, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, 5 Unité des Désordres du Mouvement, Centre hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada - http://www.plosone.org/article/slideshow.action?uri=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0008247&imageURI=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0008247.g001, CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=11814898

Causes & Pathophysiology

By BruceBlaus. When using this image in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436. - Own work, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=27924394

Huntington's disease

By Unknown author - http://medinfo.ufl.edu/other/histmed/okun/slide18.html; this photo was published in "Huntington Number", a series of articles, focusing on Huntington's Disease, published in Neurographs (1908).[1][2], Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2607063

Importance

Causes & Pathophysiology

Area of the brain most damaged in early Huntington's disease striatum (shown in purple)

By Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg: John Henkelderivative work: Leevanjackson (talk) - Basal_Ganglia_and_Related_Structures.svg, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6338580

Coronal section from an MR brain scan of a patient with HD, showing atrophy of the heads of the caudate nuclei, enlargement of the frontal horns of the lateral ventricles (hydrocephalus ex vacuo), and generalized cortical atrophy

By Frank Gaillard - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7371828 Gaillard F (1 May 2007). "Huntington's disease". Radiology picture of the day. www.radpod.org. Archived from the original on 22 October 2007. Retrieved 24 July 2009.

Stress

and

Neurological Disorder

Stress and Neurological Disorder

Importance

Computing modeling of diseases

In Silico Studies

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=%22in+silico%22%5BAll+Fields%5D&ac=no&sort=relevance

Why?

Why in silico?

Advantages

Ethics

Control

Cost

Time

Definition

By Pablo BD - https://www.flickr.com/photos/pablobd/4760973863/in/photolist-8fHeEg-c88rxj-8gVpQK-ncZiqw-2agsWu-56eQMP-nv7VqK-8aRDTS-88eTJy-7wd489-f7RmWi-9hxxTm-rgT5ge-4t4ZsZ-gbjDGc-o81vS-c9rtHW-5T2qeT-e7egdK-bTMJXr-bET9H1-bTKHE2-bETf9S-bTMmGM-bTMPD8-wzY8Y-bTN244-64FmSN-bESArq-bET2wA-bET2f5-bESQ4o-bETgNw-bESEhA-bTMrHR-bEQHPj-7fr9qw-bESTBN-bTKKRK-bESSRY-dFTZNB-bTMsUc-bTMs1M-X5zsVi-bTMqC2-bESSxw-bTLcMt-bESNdy-dFTZu8-8f3qre, CC BY-SA 2.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=75396424

Goals and Assumptions

Goals

Researches

Related Sciences

Modelling Biological Systems

Modelling biological systems

Metabolic network modelling

Metabolic Network Modelling

By TimVickers at English Wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons., Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2319237

Systems Biology

Graph theory

By User:AzaToth - Image:6n-graf.png simlar input data, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=820489

Theoretical Biology

Mathematical and theoretical biology

By User:Alvesgaspar:derivative work: RDBury (talk) - Mother_and_daughter.jpg, CC BY 2.5, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15047443

Method & Materials

Method

&

Materials

Overview

Project Overview

Software Platforms

Analysis

Simulation

Manipulation

Visualization

Visualization Core Platform

Cytoscape v.3.7.2

Manipulation Core Platform

COPASI v.4.27

Simulation Core Platform

VCELL v.7.2

Neuronify - Circuit Emulatore

Kernel processing

By Microsoft - File:Windows Server 2012 logo.svg, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=45931123

By Ichwan Palongengi - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=7042492

By Source (WP:NFCC#4), Fair use, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=51298819

By Canonical Ltd. - http://design.ubuntu.com/wp-content/uploads/logo-ubuntu_no%C2%AE-black_orange-hex.svg, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=18296544

By VMware - www.VMware.com.br, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16917825

Model Collection

Databases

CC BY-SA 3.0, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5065121

By Source, Fair use, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?curid=31332702

Overview

Metabolic Pathways

Glycolysis

By Thomas Shafee - Own work, CC BY 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=39333732

Pentose Phosphate Pathway

By GdenBesten - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10472072

Citric Acid Cycle

By Narayanese, WikiUserPedia, YassineMrabet, TotoBaggins - http://biocyc.org/META/NEW-IMAGE?type=PATHWAY&object=TCA. Image adapted from Image:Citric acid cycle noi.svg, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6217701

Structures

Synapse

By user:Looie496 created file, US National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging created original - http://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers/publication/alzheimers-disease-unraveling-mystery/preface, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8882110

Types of Synapse

Unified Models

from : http://copasi.org/Research/Map/

Simulation

Candidate Softwares

Results

&

Conclusion

Hypoxia

By Patrick Harrer - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25283147

Parameter set

Results

Analysis

Results

&

Analysis

Oxygen

By U.S. Air Force photo/Staff Sgt. Jim Araos - http://www.eielson.af.mil/News/ArticleDisplay/tabid/1819/Article/382562/cryogenics-keeps-it-cool-in-the-ice.aspx, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=57048011

HIF

Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF)

By Jawahar Swaminathan and MSD staff at the European Bioinformatics Institute - http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/view/images/entry/1lm8600.png, displayed on http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/view/entry/1lm8/summary, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5981280

By Jawahar Swaminathan and MSD staff at the European Bioinformatics Institute - http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/view/images/entry/1l3e600.png, displayed on http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/view/entry/1l3e/summary, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5862569

mTOR

By Deposition authors: Yang, H., Wang, J., Liu, M., Chen, X., Huang, M., Tan, D. et al.;visualization author: User:Astrojan - http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=5h64, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=65892479

Heat Stress

Definition

By Awesomoman - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8060468w

Parameter set

Results

&

Analysis

HSE

Heat Shock Element (HSE)

HSF

Heat Shock Factors (HSF)

By Boghog2 (talk) - I created this work entirely by myself using PyMol., Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=63237525

HSP70

Heat shock protein 70

By Jawahar Swaminathan and MSD staff at the European Bioinformatics Institute - http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/view/images/entry/3hsc600.png, displayed on http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/view/entry/3hsc/summary, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=6202710

HPA Axis Stress

Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis

Definition

By ShelleyAdams - This file was derived from: HPA Axis Diagram (Brian M Sweis 2012).png, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=53298307

By Anatomography - en:Anatomography (setting page of this image), CC BY-SA 2.1 jp, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=44645924

Parameter set

Results

&

Analysis

CYP3A4

By Deposition authors: Sevrioukova, I.;visualization author: User:Astrojan - http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=6bd7, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=65226222

Dexamethasone

By Ed - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12654123

By Jynto (talk) - Own workThis image was created with Discovery Studio Visualizer., CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=21022395

Pregnane X Receptor

By Emw - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8820627

Glucocorticoid receptor

By Boghog2 at English Wikipedia - Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by Gonn., Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=9431688

Cortisone

By NEUROtiker - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2319360

By Ben Mills - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4146379

Cortisol

By Ben Mills - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4116964

By Calvero. - Selfmade with chemdraw., Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1673486

Transcortin - corticosteroid binding globulin (CBG)

By User:Mattyjenjen, Attribution, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=10835115

Albumin

By Jawahar Swaminathan and MSD staff at the European Bioinformatics Institute - http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/view/images/entry/1ao6600.png, displayed on http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pdbe-srv/view/entry/1ao6/summary, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=5937790

Oxidative Stress

Definition

By Dan Cojocari - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=46529393

Parameter set

Results

&

Analysis

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) & Hydroxyl radical

By RedAndr at en.wikipedia - http://www.meteo.mcgill.ca/hydroxyl/wiki/doku.php?id=hydroxylTransferred from en.wikipedia to Commons by User:JohnnyMrNinja using CommonsHelper., Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=4434718

By Attys - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=36792060

Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta (IKK-beta)

By Pleiotrope - Own work, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=15989185

MTOR Related

MTOR

Definition

MTOR

By Emw - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8814309

Parameter set

Results

&

Analysis

MTORc1

Protein kinase B - AKT

By JianLi1989 - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16760153

By Gennifer Tsoi - Gennifer Tsoi. The paper in which the structure was published is: Heerding, D.A. et al. "Identification of 4-(2-(4-amino-1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)-1-ethyl-7-{[(3S)-3-piperidinylmethyl]oxy}-1H-imidazo[4,5-C]pyridin-4-yl)-2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol(GSK690693), a novel inhibitor of AKT kinase." (2008) J.Med.Chem. 51:5663-5679., CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=16739917

AMP-activated protein kinase

Cellular Senescence

Definition

Cellular senescence

By Azmistowski17 - Own work, CC BY-SA 4.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=40694154

Parameter set

Results

&

Analysis

Mitochondrion

By Kelvinsong - Own work, CC0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=27715320

Elcetochemical

Stress

Electrochemical Stress

Definition

By BruceBlaus. When using this image in external sources it can be cited as:Blausen.com staff (2014). "Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014". WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436.Derivative by Mikael Häggström - File:Blausen_0211_CellMembrane.png, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=32538605

Parameter Definition

Electrical potential

membrane potential

nernst potential

By Users Wiki Tiki God, Salsb on en.wikipedia - http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Dipole.jpg, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=3779043

nernst potential

from : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nernst_equation

By Synaptidude, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=21460910

goldman potential

from : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nernst_equation

Action & Rest potential

By Original by en:User:Chris 73, updated by en:User:Diberri, converted to SVG by tiZom - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=2241513

Equivalent circuit

By Cell_membrane_equivalent_circuit.svg: *Hodgkin-huxley-circuit.svg: Arne Nordmann (norro)derivative work: Looie496 (talk)derivative work: Looie496 (talk) - Cell_membrane_equivalent_circuit.svg, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=8976066

Parameter set

Results

&

Analysis

Single Neuron

Feed Back Inhibition

spike train transformation

Spike Train Transformation

lateral Inhibition

Conclusion and Discussion

conclusion

&

discussion

Hypoxia

Cellular Senescence

Electrochemical shock

Heat shock

Stress

HPA shock

mTOR shock

Thank You For Your Attention

By Laitche, CC BY 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=26322007

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