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Genetically Modified Foods

By Sophia Salmeron 3/20/23

Genetically Modified Organisms

The modifcation of organisms whose genetic material has been artificially manipulated for the purpose of producing a more desirable characteristics such as the resistance of diseases, insects, environmental conditions and chemicals.

What is GMO?

Fun fact:

Over 25+ countries has banned genetically modified ingredients due to the mysteries surrounding it.

The history behind GMO?

By 1982, the first cosumer GMO product was human insulin which got approved by the FDA.

Ever since 8,000 BC (10,000 years ago ) Humans found methods to produce more desired characterists by using cross breeding and selective breeding for both animals and plants. Till this day these methods are still in use although the question stands, how are we able to produce specific traits more accaturely and in a shorter amount of time?

In 1973, Biochemists Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen inserted DNA from one bacteria to another which ended up developing genetic engineering.

Finally, in 1994 the first GMO produce was a tomato, which also gets approved to produce and sold.

Main steps:

Identify - scientists identify what desirable characterists an organism should be reproduced within their genes.

Copy - the trait is copied by using enyzmes to cut the DNA strand.

Insert - The strand of DNA is then inserted into another organism.

Complete process of GMO?

- Resistance to harsh enviromental conditions

- Decrease of pesticides

- Increase of supply, along with reduced costs and longer life span

- Much more nutrition than the average.

The benefits of GMO?

- The risk of an allergic reaction to the consumer

- GMOs are linked to the cause/development of cancer, although only shown up in studies related to rats

- GMO crops have the ability to contaminate other crops

- Insects have been building immunity these GMO crops.

Ethical implications/controversies

Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. (n.d.). Science and history of gmos and other food modification processes. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved March 27, 2023, from https://www.fda.gov/food/agricultural-biotechnology/science-and-history-gmos-and-other-food-modification-processes

Countries that ban gmos 2023, from https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/countries-that-ban-gmos

Barbara Casassus, Study Linking Genetically Modified Corn to Rat Tumors Is Retracted, https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/study-linking-genetically-modified-corn-to-cancer/

MedlinePlus, Genetically engineered foods, https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/002432.htm

News European Parliament, Eight things you should know about GMOs, https://www.europarl.europa.eu/news/en/headlines/society/20151013STO97392/eight-things-you-should-know-about-gmos

Credits/Citation

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