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THE BOSS
By Dan Jacobson
Why it has to
be South Africa?
Why it has
to be South Africa?
Due to the discovery of large diamond and gold deposits at the end of the 19th century, this developed mining industry attracted not only gold prospectors from all over the world but also thousands of workers from the neighboring regions.
Dan Jacobson's Biography
Dan Jacobson's Biography
Background
Background
Dan Jacobson: a South African writer
- He was born in Johannesburg, South Africa in 1929.
- He grew up in a Jewish immigrant family with his parents who had come to South Africa to avoid the persecution of Jews in their European homelands and to seek a new life.
Education
Education
- At the age of 16, Jacobson graduated from Boys' High School in Kimberley.
- In 1948, he graduated at the top of his class with a bachelor's degree in English Literature from the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg.
Working
Life
Working Life
After graduated in 1948, he got a job as a teacher at a Jewish school in London.
In 1952, he returned to Kimberley to work as a secretary on his father's cattle farm and became determined to be a writer.
After the publication of his first two novels, The Trap (1955) and A Dance in the Sun (1956), he was awarded a one-year Creative Writing Fellowship at Stanford University 1956. Jacobson's first five novels all focused on South Africa. Then his writing center changed to moral issues concerning all of humanity.
Dan Jacobson won many rewards such as the John Llewellyn Rhys Prize 1959, Somerset Maugham Award 1964, and The Jewish Chronicle Award 1977.
In 2007, he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature.
Plot
&
Structure
Plot &
Structure
Plot
Plot
It is a story of the man who is retiring his position to hand over his company to his son, but he found that there are difficulties for his son to be the next boss because of an old employee's resistance.
Conflict
Conflict
A person against him/herself
Lionel
He wants to be respected and can solve any problem by himself, but he always comes to his father's office and asks for help.
Mr. Kramer
Mr. Kramer lets Lionel to manage everything by himself, but at the end of the story, he comes to help Lionel every time. Even though he doesn't want Ms. Posen to leave, he chooses to fire her instead of his son.
A person against a person
Lionel vs Lily Posen
They have a lot of fight.
Lionel vs Mr. Kramer
They have a different perspective of being a boss.
A person against environments
Ms. Posen vs New changes in the factory
She still remains stick to her old boss while others accept the new change.
Suspense
Suspense
“What is the real definition of being a boss?”
“Why did Ms.Posen steal any unimportant thing from the office?”
Character
Character
Lionel
(Round Character)
Lionel
Lionel is a character that is opposite to Mr.Kramer. He is a young man who seems to be self-confident, but he always asks his dad for help when he faces up with any problem. This boy is enthusiastic about his works and his new position. Moreover, he also wants to be accepted and to confirm that he is not a little boy anymore.
Ms.Lily Posen
(Round Character)
Ms.Lily Posen
Miss Posen is the oldest and the only Jewish employee. She seems to be a hard-working woman that puts almost all of her time for her work, more than other white employees do. Even though she respects Mr.Kramer as her boss, she has a little resistance to Lionel's coming.
Mr.Kramer
(Round Character)
Mr.Kramer
Mr.Kramer represents people from an old generation. He will retire soon and let his son to be the next boss. Once he puts his own efforts to start this factory by himself, he also wants his son to learn to be a boss without asking any help from him.
Betty
The character is different from Miss Posen and represents a white employee who doesn't need to work hard like a Jewish employee.
Betty
Point of View
Point of
View
Omniscient
The event was told by an Omniscient point of view that makes the readers know what characters are thinking or feeling without any limitation.
Setting
Setting
&
Atmosphere
South Africa
The story takes place in a butter factory which locates in South Africa, especially in the owner's office and in the secretary's office.
South Africa
Summer | Season
Summer
We think that narrator writes the story in summer to represent the change between two seasons, spring and autumn, which seems to mean the change between the old thing and new thing.
And it is also a transition between graduating high school and entrancing university which could mean the time of changing from teenager to be adult.
Irony
Imagery
Symbols
Irony
Imagery
Symbols
Irony
Irony
Irony of situation
A discrepancy between appearance and reality
Ms.Posen promises Lionel that she will try to call him, Mr.Lionel
"I will try, Lionel. I suppose- that - I've been here so long...
I can remember when you used to come to me for sweets." (P.19)
,but she still calls Lionel as the same.
Lionel pretends to ignore what Ms.Posen did to him
"Lionel could hardly believe his ears,
when she spoke to him like this." (P.20)
,even though he is really upset and wants to complain to his dad.
A discrepancy between expectation and fulfillment
At the end of the story, instead of being happy with her (Ms.Posen’s) leaving
"I haven't a hard heart," Lionel pleaded with his father.
"Dad, I did what I thought was right." (P.23)
,he regrets for what he did.
Dramatic Irony
A discrepancy between what a character knows and what another character in the story knows to be true.
Mr.Kramer is only one who know the reason why Ms.Posen reacts in this way (Stealing the stationery from the office).
"Shouldn't I know better than anyone else in the world
how you are feeling? Am I not in the same position?" (P.22)
Imagery
Imagery
Simile
sits like dough (page 20) = dough- slang. not clever (maybe from the 'doughnut')
dough- slang. overweight
Metaphors
It(Lionel's action) will be like a scar on her heart. (page 23)
Personification
The old man's heart moved with pride and pain in his breast. (page 17)
Symbols
Symbols
Lionel
It is formed by the word 'Lion' which represents power, leadership, and the way of controlling a society.
Kramer
Jewish male's name that represents a person who works hard for achievement in life.
Lily
A flower's name. This name leads readers to think about the innocent and fragility of this character, and it also means loyalty at the same time.
Blue (Ms. Posen's dress)
The symbol of loyalty and sincerity. In the story, it is the color of Ms. Posen cloth which means loyalism of this character. And in another meaning, it is a symbol of sadness.
"New hands and a new young man make a new order." (P.16)
A warning sign which shows that is time to change.
Only Jewish employee (P.18)
A minority of society. Like a person who still remains to be him/herself till the end and does not let a majority ruin her being.
Battle (P.20)
A lesson about how to be a boss.
Theme
THEME
“The gap between old generation
and new generation leads to conflict.”
There was a different perspective between two-generation. Lionel represents the young generation who believes that what he did is right. On the other hand, Mr.Kramer is a representative of the old generation who disagrees and did it in another way.
Sub-theme
Sub-theme
Acceptance
The young generation wants to be respectful from the old generation
as a new authority.
Being A Boss
This story shows the different definitions of being an ideal boss between people from different generations.
Members
Members
Group 1 section 5
05610639 Aunyamanee Klinhom
620510073 Nuttaya Piankaew
620510206 Phoorishaya Bamrungsuntorn
620510266 Supanut Supat-akanit
620510492 Chunyi Wu
620510569 Noppol Photcharhagoon
620510746 Sirinda Chaloempong