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Inside Reading

culture

1

Food Traditions

very culture in the world has its own style of cooking and eating. Every culture has its own beliefs about what is good to eat and what is not. Many of these food customs started hundreds or even thousands of years ago. They developed in part because Of where the people lived.

civilization

trust, faith, or confidence in (someone or something).

beliefs

advanced or elaborated to a specified degree

developed

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DIETS OF EARLY HUMANS

The diet Of early humans depended on what foods

were available to them. Different foods were available

in different environments. For example, humans who

lived near an ocean relied on the ocean to supply

10 them with fish to eat. In contrast, humans who lived in

forest areas ate the animals they hunted. Humans in

the warm Indus Valley picked wild bananas to eat.

Humans in northern Europe dug up wild onions.

Flavorings, such as spices, also depended on what was

available in the environment. Sometimes seeds or

leaves were added to foods for flavor. Over time, these

foods and flavors became traditional in a culture.

a special course of food to which a person restricts themselves, either to lose weight or for medical reasons

diet

habitat

environments

available

accessible

relied

depend

supply

give/contribute/provide

contrast

difference /dissimilarity /disparity

hunted

chase

picked

harvest

dug up

find out

depended

be controlled or determined by.

flavors

taste

EARLY FARMING

About ten thousand years ago, humans learned to

farm. These early farmers tamed Wild cows, goats, and

20 sheep. They planted wheat, barley, and other grains.

Slowly, farming spread to other areas. The animals

that farmers raised and the crops they planted

depended On where they lived. Rice, for example,

grew well in southern Asia, but not in dry desert lands. Early humans who lived in the tar north fished through holes cut in the Ice.

25 The animals and crops ensured that the farmers would have a supply of food available to eat.

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domesticate

tamed

a cereal which is the most important kind grown in temperate countries, the grain of which is ground to make flour for bread, pasta, pastry, etc.

wheat

a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally. It was one of the first cultivated grains, particularly in Eurasia as early as 10,000 years ago.

barley

grains.

wheat or any other cultivated cereal used as food.

spread

lay out

ensured

make certain that (something) will occur or be the case.

make sure/make certain

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find

skill

faraway

NEW FOODS

Over the years, people learned about new foods. They learned from their

neighbors or from travelers. They also learned about new cooking

techniques. Travelers Who went to distant places discovered new foods.

30 Marco polo, for example, traveled to China and brought noodles back to Italy.

Explorers who sailed to the Americas brought tomatoes and potatoes back to

Europe. Many of the new foods later became part of the traditional diet of

some cultures. Potatoes, for example, became a significant part Of the Irish

diet. Both pasta (noodles) and tomatoes became part Of the Italian diet.

notable

5

conserve

having the form of a curve; bent

EATING TECHNIQUES

Cultures also developed their own techniques for eating. Thousands Of years ago, people in China began using chopsticks. They have preserved this eating technique and still use chopsticks today. People in other Asian countries learned the technique from them. The first eating tool used in Europe was probably a seashell 40 or curved piece of wood. Later

sharp, pointed knives were used. Most Western countries now use metal forks, knives, and spoons to eat with. Some cultures do not as use eating tools. Instead, people use their fingers to pick up bites of food. people in other cultures

rely on pieces Of flat bread to pick up food. so People a re proud Of their cultures and enjoy their

traditional foods. They want to ensure that their food traditions are preserved.

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