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Autism and Evolution

Evyn Villanueva

"Evolution"

"Evolution"

The Theory

Originating at Harvard Med School is a theory that Autism is linked to brain evolution. A few years ago it was discovered that genomic regions that set humans apart from other primates carry autism-linked mutations

Theory

"Autism"

"Autism"

Brain Scan

History

Comes from the Greek root "autos", referring to patients as an isolated self

The term Autism is now an umbrella term for 5 disorders.

What?

Behaviors

Behaviors

There are many behaviors associated with ASD, such as repetitive behaviors, perseveration, monotone or apathetic social behaviors, and sensitivity to lights, sounds. People with autism are also very rigid in their routines.

Types

In total, there are 5 types of Autism including Asperger's syndrome, Kanner's syndrome, Childhood Disintegrative Disorder, Pervasive Developmental Disorder, and Rett's Syndrome

Types

Asperger's Syndrome

Asperger's

It is a term used to describe a high-functioning individual on the spectrum. Caused by a variation in the GABRB3 gene, in which there is an abundance of SNPs of a certain variation.

Kanner's Syndrome

Kanner's

The most common form of autism, it is usually the first thing to come to mind when a person thinks about an example of autism. Individuals have monotone mannerisms, impaired social skills, repetitive behaviors, extreme sensitivity to light, sound, and sensory stimulation. It is caused by a mutation in the Usp9x gene, which means that a protien that builds synapses in the brain cannot function properly, resulting in fewer synapses

Childhood Disintegrative Disorder

CDS

An affected child will develop normally until the ages of 3-4. Around this time they will begin to lose all previously acquired knowledge of motor skills, language, and social skills. There is no known cause of this, but it is co-occurent with many other disorders.

Pervasive Developmental Disorder

PDD

Also known as broad-spectrum Autism. The diagnostic category of this refers to a group of disorders characterized by delays in the development of socialization skills and communication skills. Symptoms may be notable in infancy, but onset time is usually around the age of 3. Like CDS, there is no known cause, but it is co-occurent with multiple other disorders

Rett's Syndrome

Rett's

When a child, almost always a girl, develops normally until the 6 month mark, and then loses cognitive ability, speech, and coordination. It is caused by a mutation in the MECP2 gene. The mutation causes the gene to either make insufficient amounts of protein or make damaged protein that the body cannot use. If there is not enough of the working protein for the brain to develop normally, similar to how Kanner’s Syndrome develops.

The Theory

Originating at Harvard Med School is a theory that Autism is linked to brain evolution. A few years ago it was discovered that genomic regions that set humans apart from other primates carry autism-linked mutations

Evolution

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