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Symptoms of Rheumatoid Arthritis

- Pain, stiffness, tenderness, and swelling in multiple joints

-Fever

-Weight loss

-Weakness and Fatigue

- Stiffness- usually lasting more than 30 minutes

These symptoms generally occur on both sides of the body

How is Homeostasis Affected?

How is Homeostasis Affected In Renal Insufficieny:

Balance:

Imbalance:

- Having a normal and stable body temperature

- Having balanced salt and water levels

- Having appropriate and stable blood sugar levels

- Having a stable blood pressure

Main Human System & Organs Impacted in Renal Insufficiency:

Renal insufficiency disrupts the balance of bodily fluids, electrolytes, and pH levels, making it challenging for the body to maintain homeostasis. Because the kidney faces impaired filtration, reabsorption, and secretion, this leads the body to struggle to maintain proper levels of water, leading to fluid imbalances like dehydration or fluid overload. With reduced kidney function, the ability to filter waste products, regulate fluid balance, and control blood pressure is compromised. As a result of this could be an accumulation of toxins and waste products into the bloodstream, fluid regulation becomes erratic, and blood pressure regulation is impaired

- An increase in body temperature and reoccuring fevers, affecing enzymes and digestion

- Medications/treatments that cause salt and water retention

- Having higher blood sugar due to inflammation which increases the risk of diabetes

- Increased blood pressure

Treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis

The Excretory System is the main human system affected.

The Kidney is the main organ impacted from this disorder.

When the kidney is not functioning properly, this leads to disfunction in the lungs, heart, brain, liver, intestine and immune system as well.

Cause of Disorder

Rheumatoid Arthritis is not cureable, however early diagnosis and treatment of this disorder can slow it down.

Western Treatments:

Medications can be used for reducing inflammation such as;

- Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

- Glucocorticoids ( gluco-corda-coids)

- Disease modifying antirheumatic

(anti-rheu-matic) drugs (DMARDs)

In severe cases, Orthopedic surgery is performed to reduce pain and restore movement.

Indigenous Treatments:

Willow Bark is used to help relieve pain and inflammation.

- Ginseng is used to help strengthen the immune system

- Herbal teas are used to reduce inflammation and releive pain.

Diabetes ( Types 1 and 2) and high blood pressure are the most common causes of Renal Insufficiency.

Heart disease and obesity are also issues that can lead to kidney failure, where the renal veins and arteries are located.

Renal Insufficiency happens as a result of reduced blood flow to the Kidneys.

Referrences for Renal Insuffiency

Cause of Rheumatoid Arthritis

https://health.ucdavis.edu/vascular/diseases/renal_insufficiency.html#:~:text=Renal%20insufficiency%20is%20poor%20function,chemistry%20and%20remove%20organic%20waste.

https://www.kidney.org/atoz/content/KidneyFailure#signs-and-symptoms

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/chronic-kidney-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20354527

https://www.ontariorenalnetwork.ca/en/about/our-work/first-nations-inuit-metis

Referrences for Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Rheumatiod Arthritis is an autoimmune disorder that is commonly passed down through genetics. Genes of this disorder are inherited, but that doesn't mean that this disorder will necesarily develop.

Individuals who have this gene that smoke, and/or are obese, have a higher chance of developing this disorder.

https://www.cdc.gov/arthritis/types/rheumatoid-arthritis.html

https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/rheumatoid-arthritis

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/4924-rheumatoid-arthritis

Symptoms of Renal Insufficiency:

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Symptoms of this disorder include;

- reduced urine output

- swelling in the lower body including the ankles, feet, and legs

- fluid retention

-nausea

-confusion

-weakness and fatigue

- irregular heartbeat

Nausea and fatigue are commonly the first symptoms of Renal Insufficiency. These symptoms develop over time, and damage to the Kidney's is not immediate, it occurs over a period of time.

Renal Insufficiency and Rheumatoid Arthritis

Main Human System & Organs Impacted by Rheumatoid Arthritis

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Skin

Immune System

The immune system attacks healthy cells by mistake, causing inflammation (pain) in the affected parts of the body.

Rheumatoid Nodules - hard lumps under the skin, sometimes painful, can grow to the size of a golf ball.

Heart

Lungs

Long term inflammation leads to scars in the lungs.

Inflammation afffects coronary arteries - encourages formation and build up of plack, leading to clots.

Eyes

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Inflammation in the sclera (white part of the eyes), causes redness and pain.

Treament for Renal Insufficiency:

(Western Treatments) Some treatments for Renal Insufficiency include special medications for high blood pressure, swelling of the body, medications for anemia, lower cholesterol levels, and maintaining a lower protein diet to minimize the waste products in your blood.

(Indigenous Treatments) Indigenous peoples suffering with kidney problems or Renal Insufficiency often need to travel long distances for treatment or specific medications. This is because they have limited access to healthcare for specific needs on reserves, and access to what they need in their rural areas.

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