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Norms & Standards

Normalizing human subjects

Self-discipline

Disciplinary

Practices

Foucault

Discipline the minds of Students: One way of thinking about Subject Matter

Study of discrete school subjects

Break off Ed Admin

Create a science of administration based on technical rationality

separate from social foundations & counseling

Fragment Knowledge

promote a form of rationality

facilitates control

Divide

practice

Shifting Views of Power

Claims extended about increasing rationalization of society

Weber

dahl

operationalize a definition of power so one could observe & measure who exercised power and to what extent

callahan

educational administration is colonized by efficiency experts from the fields of business & industrial psychology

power to promotes one's own interests (assumptions)

-refusal to act

-inability to see the need to act

a gets B to do x

A influences b's wants

-marx hegemony & false consciousness

luke

power is in the decisions that are made and the decisions that are kept off the agenda

bachrach & baratz

  • Power is pervasive and unobtrusive beyond cognitive forms of control
  • Microphysics of power that disciplines the body, mind & soul - Panopticon
  • Power is embedded in social relations.
  • Modern: through institutional relations that discipline our ways of thinking and acting through self-regulation.
  • Colonization through administration of all social spaces & practices

foucault

Centrality of Discourse: Administration as Discursive Practice

modernist disciplinary practice - panopticon

Postmodern view of administration

  • Professional socialization - post modernists reject the notion that best practices are the result of rational/scientific approach to a field of study/discipline (ex: ed admin)
  • contributes to constitution of subjects as docile bodies (Ts, Ss)
  • "regime of "truth"
  • Cognitive politics

Admin Disciplinary Practices-Discursive practices - What is True & Important at a particular place & time

Discursive practices are the Link between knowledge & power

  • forms of knowledge
  • knowledge constituted in definite institutional & organizational practices
  • knowledge reproduced through practices made possible by the framing of assumptions of knowledge
  • discourses shape practices & practices produce discourses -circular dynamic (Cherryholmes)

discipline & power

  • taken for granted "regimes of truth"
  • genealogy
  • form of history-accounts for constitution
  • critical questioning disposition
  • problematic
  • circular process of discipline constitution
  • events could have been constructed differently
  • relation of staff development & supervision to 19th C inspection
  • Change in techniques of inspection
  • Collaborative action research & portfolios

Prevailing discourses

Power is exercised in all forms of social situations regardless of the form it takes

problematizing admin sciences

  • Question ways of thinking & acting
  • Discourse and organizational structure around efficiency, productivity and effectiveness
  • Binary opposition
  • Psychologizing & pathologizing to self-regulation (concealed power)
  • failure of participatory reforms
  • surveillance & assessment
  • transgression & resistance

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