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A Brief Overview of the

Presidents

of South Korea

A1C Urban

1979/1980

1998

1960

2008

2017

2013

이승만

Syngman Rhee

1948-1960

  • Christian and nationalist
  • Korea facing unstable economy, military mutiny and government infighting
  • 25 June 1950- Korean War
  • Disapproved of ceasefire agreement
  • Student Revolution April 1960 forced resignation

1948

윤보선

Yun Bo Seon 1960-1963

  • Former mentee of Rhee
  • Grew disillusioned with Rhee's authoritarian regime
  • Founded liberal opposition party, Democratic Party
  • Otherwise ineffectual reign, overthrown in military coup

박정희

Park Chung Hee 1963-1979

재벌

  • Five Year Plan
  • Revitalized the economy
  • Encouragment of
  • Extensive civil and labor rights abuses
  • Declared martial law
  • Assassinated by head of KCIA and lifelong friend

1963

최규하

Choi Kyuh-ah 79-80

전두환

Chun Doo-hwan 1980-1988

  • Choi presidency brief and unsupported
  • Lt. Gen. Chun used position to secure political power
  • Chun later convicted of fraud and taking bribes

5.18 광주민주화운동 (1980)

5.18 Democracy Movement

5.18

  • Student union demonstrations demanded democracy, human rights, minimum wage and end to martial law
  • Park doubled down in response
  • Estimates suggest over 2,000 deaths, mostly protesters
  • Gwangju Massacre
  • May 2020, May 18 Democratization Movement Truth Committee

노태우

Roh Dae-woo 1988-1993

김영삼

Kim Young-sam 1993-1998

  • Roh succeeded Chun; changed constitution elect pres. by popular vote
  • Later charged with corruption
  • Successor Kim Young-sam, first non-military president, enacted reforms that made this possible

노태우

김영삼

1988/1993

김대중

Kim Dae-jung 1998-2003

  • Prevented country from falling into bankruptcy
  • Enacted reforms to improve democracy and human rights
  • "Sunshine Policy" ( ) toward North Korea
  • Was awarded Nobel Peace Prize in 2000

햇볕 정책

노무현

Roh Moo-hyun 2003-2008

  • Diplomatic approach to North Korea
  • Left to deal with faltering economy, labour unrest
  • Opposition party fabricated allegations of bribery after end of term
  • Committed suicide by jumping off a cliff in 2009 before his name was cleared

2003

이명박

Lee Myung-bak 2008-2013

  • Standoffish or even hostile toward North Korea
  • North Korean military killed several South Korean military and civilians
  • Launched many national projects, including Four Major Rivers Project, which led to massive destruction of environment

박근혜

Park Geun-hye 2013-2017

  • Daughter of infamous Park Chun Hee
  • "Let's live well" slogan and apologies to those who suffered under her father
  • Presidency marked by scandal and challenge
  • Sewol Ferry incident ( )
  • Involvement of government in extortion of large corporations
  • Citizen's Candle Strikes ( ) led to start of impeachment
  • First democratically elected president removed from office

세월호 참사

촛불시위

문재인

Moon Jae-in

2017-present

  • Reduced ties between big business and gvnt.
  • Sunshine policy approach tested, reversed campaign trail opposition to Terminal High Altitude Area Defense System in order to protect South Korea
  • Summit with Kim Jong-Un in Panmunjom in April 2018, joint declaration for complete denuclearization of peninsula
  • Deft handling of Coronavirus pandemic allowed him to regain favor from the populace
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