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Freshman Fish Project

Sophia Santana-Pena

09 Marine- Mrs. Montano- Period 02

Fish - Ommon Starfish

Classification

Classification and origin

Scientific Name - Asterias Rubens

Genus and Species - Asterias; A. rubens

Kingdom - Animalia

Phylum - Echinodermata

Class - Asteroidea

Order - Forcipulatida

Family - Asteriidae

Common Coloration -star fish are variable in colour, but most usually are orange, pale brown or violet.

Origins

Habitat - : Sea star habitats are highly variable; these animals can be found in all ocean basins of the world and at a large assortment of depths and bottom composition. They are benthic animals, which means that they live on the ocean floor whether they are in deep or shallow water.

Diet - Sea stars feed on clams, sponges, oysters, snails, and other small invertebrates. Some species feed on coral, and some filter feed for small organisms like plankton.

Mating habits - Sea stars are broadcast spawners. Males release sperm into

the water and females release eggs. The fertilized eggs hatch into a larval form

that lives as plankton, sometimes for months, before settling on the sea floor

in its adult form.

Predator or Prey? - they actually considered both; since they eat small invertebrates they are considered a predator to them. Sharks, manta rays, Alaskan king crabs and even other starfish are all predators to the common starfish making them prey.

Size- Sea stars range in size from a diameter of less than ½ an inch to 40 inches across. Most sea star species have five arms but many have more. For example the sunflower sea star can have up to 24 arms.

Life

stages of life: The sea star spawns by releasing eggs and sperm into the water, where the eggs are fertilized. Females can release up to 2.5 million eggs. Fertilized eggs develop into free-swimming larvae. After about three weeks, the larvae settle and morph into adults.

Special Adaptations: They have bony, calcified skin, which protects them from most predators, and many wear striking colors that camouflage them or scare off potential attackers.

Life span: With thousands of species of starfish in the ocean, the lifespan of all the species is very different. In general, older starfishes live longer than younger species. Starfish can live up to 35 years in nature depending upon the type of species.

Life and Its Cycles

Danger & Uses

Are they endangered or not? as of right now, many are near threatened; unlike the Sunflower sea star who is critically endangered and was recently put on the Red List of Endagered Species.

Invasive? some species tend to be invasive like the crown-of-thorns star fish. The crown-of-thorns starfish, is a large echinoderm covered in thorn-like spikes that preys upon coral.2,9 While it is native to the Indo-Pacific region, the starfish has been described as invasive because of its dense populations, and the devastation it is causing to the Great Barrier Reef.

Uses: One usage is a starfish’s outer body contains a non-stick material with the ability to treat inflammatory human diseases such as arthritis and hay fever. The non-stick material achieves its curative abilities by repelling bacteria and viruses that cause diseases in human beings. The medical benefits impact positively on human lives by helping eliminate pain and create medical research ideas such as using the non-stick material to prevent human tissue damage.

Dangers and Uses

Other Facts About Starfish

Other Facts

  • They have no brain and no blood. Starfish use filtered sea water to pump nutrients through their nervous system.
  • They eat inside out. When they capture prey, they have tiny suction cups to grab ahold of their food. Then their stomach exits their mouth to digest the food, and reenters the body when they’re done eating.
  • Amazingly, sea stars can regenerate lost arms, which is useful if a sea star is injured by a predator. It can lose an arm, escape, and grow a new arm later.
  • Starfish aren’t social creatures – instead they are solitary and spend most of their life alone. They will, however, sometimes congregate in large groups during certain times of the year to feed.

why did i choose the star fish?

While learning about the different types and species of star fish, I found them quite interesting. There were many things about starfish that i never knew about, and there probaly alot more that i need to know.

why?

Bibliography

  • http://www.seawater.no/fauna/echinodermata/rubens.html

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_starfish#:~:text=The%20common%20starfish%20is%20usually,in%20deeper%20waters%20are%20pale.

  • https://www.marlin.ac.uk/species/detail/1194

  • http://species-identification.org/species.php?species_group=echinodermata&menuentry=soorten&id=40&tab=beschrijving

  • https://www.chesapeakebay.net/S=0/fieldguide/critter/common_sea_star

  • https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/starfish-1

  • https://sciencing.com/starfish-impact-humans-10018941.html

Bibliography

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