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In a golf swing, there are four main parts: the setup, back swing, downswing/impact, and finish. In order for the golf ball to take flight and in the right trajectory, many muscles work together in the body. In addition, systems within our body fire messages to process our actions and allow the golf swing to happen. Golf swings are a lot more complex than they appear.
Just the downswing of a golf swing happens in less than a third of a second. In that much time, the golfer must move their shoulders, torso, hands, legs, and wrists in a synchronized fashion downwards towards the ball and prepare for the next bundle of movements to hit the golf ball. For this to happen, the message to perform all these actions must go from the brain to muscle (nerve conduction velocity) and from the muscle to start moving the joints involved (electromechanical delay). The central nervous system (CNS) is the mastermind behind the golf swing and the movements involved.
The CNS consists of the brain and spinal cord, which has many nerves. These nerves propagate electrical impulses to and from various body parts, sending the messages and creating movement. It all starts with the cerebral cortex (cerebrum). The cerebrum makes the decision to move the body, in this case the golf swing starting with the shoulders, and passes the message to the cerebellum. The cerebellum controls the coordination of movements, so when the organs in the ear detect movement from the head, the cerebellum facilitates the movement of the head, eyes, torso, and arms to coordinate with the movement of the shoulders. The three parts of the brain are each in charge of movement in certain parts of the body, and with the shoulders moving, neurons fire that send motor neurons to the rest of the body to create movement in the necessary body parts. This whole process repeats itself several times in order for the entire golf swing to complete.
Types of Movements
Types of Movement
Types of Movements
Types of Movement
Types of Movement
Types of Movements
Types of Movement
Types of Movements
“Golf Swing Training Chart.” Chartex Ltd, www.chartexproducts.co.uk/
products/golf-swing-chart.
“The Modern Golfer Part I: the Biomechanics of Injury Prevention.” Sports
Injury Bulletin, 13 June 2019, www.sportsinjurybulletin.com/the-modern-
golfer-the-biomechanics-of-injury-prevention/.