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Unit 5 on solutions Zach D.
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Unit 5 solutions
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What is a solution?
An example would be: Salt water
A solution is a mixture of two or more substances that are homogeneous
Undersaturated means that more solute can be added to the solvent because the solute has not saturated the solvent yet. An example would be adding sugar to water and the sugar dissolving quickly.
Supersaturated would mean the solution is heated up and a solute is added to a solvent. Then the solvent can usually hold more solute in the solution. An example of this would be carbonated soda.
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Saturated means that a solution contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute. An example of this would be salt in water and the salt not dissolving into the water after a certain amount.
Solubility curve
This is a graph that shows how much solute can be dissolved into 100g of water.
Solubility curve
What can effect the solubility of a substance is the temperature of it and the amount that is put into the solvent. Also the concentration of the solute and how high the amount is. Also how much solvent you have can effect the solubility of a solute.
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Water
Water posseses many different unique properties.
It has a boiling point and a freezing point. When heated it evaporates and when cooled it will freeze into ice. Also water has a solid, liquid and gas state.
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Acids and bases.
An acid is material which is sour and corrosive and is made up of hydrogen ions. A base is a bitter and slippery material made up of hydrixide ions. Acids usually burn and are yellow color that dont react well with things and can destroy them. Bases typically arent as distructive and agree a little better with things. The + and the - sign is to show the possitive or negative charge.
The pH scale
What is the pH scale? The pH scale is a scale that ranges from 0-14 with 7 being a neutral. It measures how acidic or basic something is. Typically foods like candy or juice are more acidic because citric acids. Other food would be classified as basic. Examples of acids would be citric acid9used in sour candy) or vinegar(used on chips and other foods) . An example of a base would be baking soda. Baking soda is used inside a lot of cooking for food.