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More From Less
4
Transcript
More From Less
Before We Begin.
Intro
Some important prefaces.
- Climate change is real and negative. Humans need to take action to mitigate consequences.
- Reducing pollution and helping animal species is good.
- Humans have to keep fighting poverty, disease, malnutrition, fraying communities, etc. Lots of work still to do.
Good News
- We are now getting more and using less.
- Four Horsemen of the Optimist.
- Capitalism has combined with technology to help us dematerialize our consumption.
- Public Awareness: People are more aware of the harms we are doing to the planet.
- Responsive Governments: Governments that act on the desires of their people.
- Tech Progress
Facts
- Thomas Malthus
- Oscillation / Vibration of populations.
- Periods of population growth, followed by periods of decline.
- From the dawn of humanity to Industrial Era, we lived in a Malthusian world.
- Mouths to Feed > Resources Available = Decline
- 10,000 Years ago = 5 Million People
- 4 CE = 190 Million People
- 1800 = 1 Billion
1776
- What made Thomas Malthus wrong?
- James Watt and Matthew Boulton unveil the steam engine.
- Based off of Thomas Newcomen's engine for pumping out flooded coal mines.
- This machine used a lot of energy, so could only be used close to where coal was abundant (hence at the mouth of the mine.)
- Watt/Boulton machine was twice as efficient and could now be used for other purposes.
Steam and Soil
Steam
- Steam revolutionized farming due to fertilizer.
- Sodium Nitrate discovered in Chile.
- Guano discovered off South American coast (islands).
- Transatlantic steamships begin bringing fertilizers back to England.
- Farms that used this fertilizer produced more food.
- Wealthy British land owners attempted to get Parliament to restrict the sale of imported (cheaper) grain.
- Led to the Corn Laws.
Tech Saves the Day
Steam Engine
Steamships
Indoor Plumbing
Electricity
Internal Combustion Engine
Industrial Errors
- Not all of the Industrial Era's transformations were great.
- Slavery/Child Labor/Colonialism/Pollution/Devastation of Several Animal Species.
- Since the 1960s/1970s scientists and academics have identified a problem with how humans utilized our finite resources.
Some Quotes...
Quotes.
- "Dr. S. Dillon Ripley, secretary of the Smithsonian Institution, believes that in 25 years, somewhere between 75 and 80 percent of all the species of living animals will be extinct." [written in 1970]
- Demographers agree almost unanimously on the following grim timetable: by 1975 widespread famines will begin in India; these will spread by 1990 to include all of India, Pakistan, China, and the Near East, Africa. By the year 2000, or conceivably sooner, South and Central America will exist under famine conditions...By the year 2000, thirty years from now, the entire world, with the exception of Western Europe, North America, and Australia, will be in famine." [Pete Gunter, North Texas University Professor]
- Biologist and Nobel Prize winner George Wald estimated that "civilization will end within 15 or 30 years unless immediate action is taken against problems facing mankind."
Dematerialization
Europe
24 %
17 %
18 %
32 %
9 %
Demographics
NGO
11 %
8 %
28 %
21 %
32 %
Facts
Sales
Africa
Middle East
Asia Pacific
Asia
Australia
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