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Highlights: ENGL E101F Wk 3 S2_L11
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ENGL E101F
Week 3 Session 2 L11
Warm up exercise
Warm up exercise
Answer
1. book
2. Turkey
3. tramp
4. bark
5. space
Answer
6. stable
8. port
7. trip
9. address
10. post
Answer
11. date
13. china
12. chest
14. drill
15. fan
Answer
16. strike
17. yard
18. back
19. tip
20. rule
Recap
Recap
What did we do yesterday?
What did we do yesterday?
- Self-improvement
- Patient Case Report
- Unit 1: Activity 6 and 3
Summarizing & Paraphrasing
Summarizing
& Paraphrasing
What are they?
Summarising and Paraphrasing
- Skills in higher education
- Means to avoid being accused of plagiarism
- Unit 4, P. 50 - 59
Summarizing (P. 56)
Summarizing
- To state briefly the main points or ideas
- shortening the text
Avoid adding your own opinions and evaluation.
How to do it?
Main ideas
Underline
Details and examples
Delete
Main ideas, use shorter or more concise words, synonyms
Rewrite
and rearrange
Words and/or sentences for coherence
Paraphrasing (P. 51)
Paraphrasing
- Transforming information or ideas into your own words
- Not necessarily shortening the text
Again avoid adding your own opinions
Example
Example of summarizing (P. 56)
Overall, the first two quarters of 2008 have been profitable to the company. Nineteen of twenty departments report cutting costs at least twenty percent, and sales from fifteen departments have risen five percent, or about $5 million. Despite these positive developments, most department heads believe that they will not be able to maintain these levels for the remainder of the year.
Example of summarizing (P. 56)
Underline
Overall, the first two quarters of 2008 have been profitable to the company. Nineteen of twenty departments report cutting costs at least twenty percent, and sales from fifteen departments have risen five percent, or about $5 million. Despite these positive developments, most department heads believe that they will not be able to maintain these levels for the remainder of the year.
Example of summarizing (P. 56)
Examples!
Why?
Delete
Nineteen of twenty departments report
cutting costs at least twenty percent, and sales from fifteen departments have risen five percent, or about $5 million.)
Overall, the first two quarters of 2008 have been profitable to the company. Nineteen of twenty departments report cutting costs at least twenty percent, and sales from fifteen departments have risen five percent, or about $5 million. Despite these positive developments, most department heads believe that they will not be able to maintain these levels for the remainder of the year.
Example of summarizing (P. 56)
Not rewrite and rearrange
Not yet
Finish?
Overall, the first two quarters of 2008 have been profitable to the company. Despite these positive developments, most department heads believe that they will not be able to maintain these levels for the remainder of the year.
Example of summarizing (P. 56)
The first half of 2008 has been profitable,
but the rest of the year is not expected to be as good.
Example of summarizing (P. 56)
The first half of 2008 has been profitable, but the rest of the year is not expected to be as good.
The task
Summarizing practice
Summarize in about 180 words the text 'Spare the rod, save the child'.
Your summary should outline the situation briefly, and then focus on the causes of the prevalence of corporal punishment in Kenya. You must write in paragraphs with full sentences and you must not copy indiscriminately from the passage.
- i.e. the situation and the causes
Key ideas and their paraphrases
Key ideas
Situation:
- Omanga's case not isolated
- 6 deaths in the last four years
- Some suffered serious injuries
- often punished for petty offences:
- coming late to school
- wearing a torn uniform
Key ideas
Causes:
- Teachers' attitudes/ beliefs:
- In favour of corporal punishment
- Would descend into chaos
- Children would become even more unruly
- Less rather than more violence
Key ideas
- Large class sizes:
- One of the few disciplinary tools available given large class sizes
- Teacher-pupil ratio: 1:31
- Class of 50-60 students are common
- Burden heaviest in rural areas with teachers' posts left vacant
Key ideas
- Not banned as difficulties in prosecution:
- Attempt to ban
- Fail because of teachers' oppositions
- No teacher has been convicted
Patient Case Report
Patient's summary
It includes:
- patient's background
- symptoms
Patient's summary
It includes:
- patient's background
- symptoms
Patient's background
Patient's background
How to collect information for the summary of the patient's background?
Interview the patient i.e. ask the patient questions
Activity:
Listen to the conversation between a patient and a nurse. Focus on the questions asked. Complete the script provided.
Patient's background
Give me your name please.
Your name please. / What is your name?
Show me your letter of referral
Have you ever been in hospital before?
Patient's background
And what's your job? What do you do?
Have you married?/ Are you married?
Having children?
Are you on any medications?
How long have you been taking them?
Patient's background
Tell me about your lifestyle. Any alcohol or drug problems?
Do you smoke?
How many cigarettes do you smoke per day?
Are you allergic to any medicine or food?
Patient's background
Do any of your close family suffer from chronic diseases or mental illnesses?
Patient's background
Can you categorize these questions accordingly?
Any suggestions on these categories?
Patient's background
What about the following?
- Lifestyle/ undesirable habit(s) 1
- Family history 2
- Initial diagnosis and medical history 3
- Other problems of concern e.g. allergy/ psychiatric problems 4
- Personal particulars 5
- Reason for admission 6
- Marital status 7
Patient's background
Lifestyle/ undesirable habit(s)
Tell me about your lifestyle
Any alcohol or drug problems?
Do you smoke?
How many cigarettes do you smoke per day?
Patient's background
Family history
Do any of your close family suffer from chronic diseases or mental illnesses?
Patient's background
Initial diagnosis and medical history
Have you ever been in hospital before?
Are you on any medications?
How long have you been taking them?
Patient's background
Other problems of concern e.g. allergy and psychiatric problems
Are you allergic to any medicine or food?
Patient's background
Personal particulars
Give me your name please.
And what's your job? What do you do?
Patient's background
Reason for admission
Show me your letter of referral.
Patient's background
Marital status
Have you married? Having children?
These items form the basis of the patient's background.
Patient's background
Questioning technique
Questioning technique
Types of question nurses will ask include:
"Yes/No" questions
"Or" questions
"WH" questions
Questioning technique
"Yes/No" questions
Examples:
- Do you smoke?
- Have you got married?
Yes, normally every day.
Yes, I've got two girls and a boy.
Questioning technique
"Or" questions
Examples:
- Are you allergic to any medicine or food?
Um ... I don't think so for medicine, but red spots appear on my skin after eating fish.
Questioning technique
- Do any of your close family suffer from chronic diseases or mental illnesses?
Well ... both my mother's parents were diabetic, so is my mother.
Questioning technique
"WH" questions
Examples:
- What is your job?
- How long have you been taking it?
I work for the post office. I'm a postmaster.
Questioning technique
Use of imperative sentences
Examples:
- Give me your name please.
- Show me your letter of referral.
Elements in the summary
Elements in the patient's background
- Lifestyle/ undesirable habit(s)
- Family history
- Initial diagnosis and medical history
- Other problems of concern e.g. allergy/ psychiatric problems
- Personal particulars
- Reason for admission
- Marital status
Are they in the order to be presented in the patient's background?
Elements in the patient's background
The order in the patient's background:
- Personal particulars
- Reason for admission
- Marital status
- Lifestyle/ undesirable habit(s)
- Initial diagnosis and medical history
- Other problems of concern (e.g. allergy/ psychiatric problems)
- Family history
Preparing the background
Summary of the patient's background
Task 1.3 (P.4)
Try using the details from the conversation between the nurse and Mr Jameson to complete the first part of the patient's summary
Summary of the patient's background
Summary of the patient's background
It will be fine as long as you have presented the ideas grammatically.
Mr Mike Jameson is a 58-year-old postmaster who has been admitted ...
Smokes 20 cigarettes per day/ every day/ a day
red spots on the skin
Summary of the patient's background
Points to remember:
- The reason of admission should be given in the 1st sentence
Summary of the patient's background
Activity 1.3 (B) (P.4)
- Match the elements with the examples given in the worksheet
Summary of the patient's background
Suggested answer
Personal particulars
Reason for admission
Marital status
Lifestyle/undesirable habit(s)
Summary of the patient's background
Suggested answer
Initial diagnosis and medical history
Other problems of concern (e.g. allergy/psychiatric problems
Family history
Summary of the patient's background
Task
- Prepare the patient's background of Yvonne Jones with the information provided.