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HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
1
DAVID VERDUGO
INTERNATIONAL TRADE
HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL TRADE
NEOLITHIC REVOLUTION
Agriculture
7000 B.C
The origins of trade date back to the late Neolithic when agriculture was discovered. At first, agriculture remained, where the righteous were for the population dedicated to agricultural issues.
The harvests obtained were higher than those needed for the subsistence of the community.
It wasn't longer necessary for the whole community to devote themselves to agriculture; that's why part of the
population begins to specialize in other areas, such as pottery or steel
Started a local and international exchange of products such as iron, bronze, etc.
Primitive Trade
BARTER
Exchange goods for other goods of equal value
3000 B.C
The merchandise as a means of payment proved impractical, since many of them were perishable and difficult to accumulate. They have been replaced by precious objects or metals, which have taken different forms depending on the place (bricks, arches, plates, knives, etc.).
V CENTURY
During this period, important transcontinental trade routes begin to emerge in an attempt to respond to Europe's strong demand for goods and merchandise. Highly frequented import routes are created. The establishment of roads helps revive the economy of many regions. At the end of the Middle Ages, the bank became a monetary institution that provides a series of services and facilitates trade.
V CENTURY
The use of money in commercial transactions meant a great advance in the economy.
More advanced civilizations, such as the Romans, extended this concept and began to coin coins.
The most common currency was pure gold, although others have also appeared throughout history, such as salt or pepper.
Currency Appears
During this period, important transcontinental trade routes begin to emerge in an attempt to respond to the strong European demand for goods and merchandise. Highly frequented import routes are created. The establishment of roads helps revive the economy of many regions. At the end of the Middle Ages, the bank became a monetary institution that provides a range of services and facilitates trade.
Trade Routes
THE AGE OF DISCOVERY
The search for new trade routes to India led to the discovery of America, which was another important step towards the evolution of trade, favoring the growth of banks.
XV CENTURY
A.C
European commercial and capital networks were consolidated with the new flow of gold from South America, strengthening the growth of European banks and the emergence of large European banks (Bank of England, Bank of Amsterdam, Bank of Sweden)
Comercial Networks
TRANSATLANTIC TRADE
GEOGRAPHICAL DISCOVERIES
From the 17th century onwards, almost all transatlantic crossings bound for North America, the port of arrival was that of New York. Soon transatlantic trade made New York the first port in North America.
New York becomes the commercial capital of the United States and one of the main cities in the world. The voyages improve amazingly with the passage of the sailboat to the steamboat.
XVII
CENTURY
Imbalance between supply and demand of precious metals. One of the big goals was to get gold or silver. This yearning for gold was because since Roman times there was a trade between Europe, India and China of a series of products that were important for the upper classes (spices, silks).
Trade with Asia was increasing since the time of Marco Polo. This trade was deficient for Europe because it had little to offer in return.
There will be a series of technical advances that will favor exploration and trade.
TRADE GLOBALIZATION
Tendency to create free trade zones internationally. Globalization was born as a consequence of the need to reduce production costs in order to give the producer the ability to be competitive in a global environment.
XX
CENTURY
E-COMMERCE
Tendency to buy and sell products and services through electronic and computer means.
XIX
CENTURY
BIBLIOGRAPHICAL REFERENCES
Antonio. (2019). Linea del tiempo del comercio internacional. Retrieved 9 August 2019, from https://es.slideshare.net/juanmanuel1994/linea-del-tiempo-del-comercio-internacional
Helpman, E. (2012). International Trade in Historical Perspective [Ebook] (1st ed.). USA: Harvard University.
Uscanga. (2019). linea del tiempo de la historia del comercio en el mundo. Retrieved 9 August 2019, from https://es.slideshare.net/josealdot/linea-del-tiempo-de-la-historia-del-comercio-en-el-mundo