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Vietnam War
About
Lasted from 1955-1975 .
Fought in Vietnam in South East Asia
American 1964-1975
Key Players
Ho Chi Mien
Dwight Eisenhower
John Kennedy
Lyndon Johnson
Richard Nixon
North Vietnam
Viet Cong
France
United States
South Vietnam
Synopsis
The Vietnam war was fought over the Spread of Communism .
1st war to use Air Calvary (Gen Hal Moore "We Were Soldiers)
War of Body counts and unclear objectives.
Created massive resistance in the US, ended with US losing the war 1975
Robert McNamara
America Inherits the war
World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted
America Inherits a war
Eisenhower promised support to South Vietnam
Kennedy sends 16,000 troops to Vietnam as advisors
Gulf of Tonkin Resolution passed after NV attacks US ships
Hawks- Those who supported the war
Doves- those in favor of Peace
May 1965- half a million troops in Vietnam
The US had the challenges of the North Vietnamese Army but the Viet Cong
Viet Cong- are citizens who support the communists regime of Ho Chi Mihn
The US did not understand the feelings of the locals their support of Nationalistic Communism
Two Front War
Timeline
Ho Chi Minh Trail
Challenges at Home-
New Left political movement that arose in anti-war protest
card burnings
Protest in San Francisco and New York
The NVA did not have factories for the US to bomb.
Used Ho Chi Minh Trail to move supplies.
Challenges
Fear of World War
The US never declared war, fearing of a global conflict.
No clear objective
Civilian Soldier
Counter Culture
Hard for Americans to identify Targets
Children were used to kill Soldiers
Americans who fought back by vilified by Press
a rejected older values of hard work and material wealth.
Believe in free love and complete freedom
High emphasis on drugs and sexual immorality
Tet Offensive
Bombing campaigns in North Vienam, led to a cease fire
Attack on Tet- Massive NVA Offensive.
US gained land back but huge costs.
Johnson Lost public support
Responded by:
- Stopped bombing N Vietnam
- Willing to Negotiate
- Modest troop increase
- Would not seek reelection
Election
Election of 1968
Democrats pushed Eugene McCarthy and Robert Kennedy (Killed in July by Sirhan Sirhan
Richard Nixon- Republican
George Wallace- 3rd party
"End the War with Diginity"- Nixon
America gets out of the War
Vietnamization- giving responsibility of war to South Vietnam
Bombing expands into Cambodia and Loas
Kent State- College protest where National Guard fires on Protestors killing 4. (Similar events happened at Jacksonville State
Peace talks attempts fail over seating arrangement. ,
Saigon fell in Spring of 1975.
War Powers Act- defined and limited powers of the President to make war. (Clinton, Bush, Obama, Trump)