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Ethics In Everyday Life

Ethics

Introduction

Ethics is the section or field of study in philosophy that studies questions concerning what is good and what is bad. In ethics, there are three separate theories that are studied. These theories are Meta-ethics, Normative Ethics as well as applied ethics. Each of these theories focuses on a different set of questions concerning what truly is good or bad. This presentation will cover what each theory is, as well as real life examples.

Meta-ethics

This branch of ethics focuses on what being ethical or moral really is or what it really means. Some example questions for this branch of ethics include - How do we decide what is good and what is bad?, How do we decide if an act is wrong or just? Contrarily to the other theories, Meta-ethics only concerns theoretical questions and ideas.

Meta-ethics

Real Life Examples: Meta-Ethics

An article called "Is There An Objective Morality[,]" by iai news, questions what the act of being ethical truly is. It also covers whether or not there is a true right or wrong in our world. They do this by analyzing the behaviors, beliefs and cultures of the world and finding similarities as well as differences between them. They seem to implement philosophical reasoning in a way that will further their search for an answer. They also directly reference Meta-Ethics and how it is the branch of ethics that studies what morality itself is.

Real Life Examples

In an article by Business Live, ethical leadership is discussed as well as what that actually includes. It covers what good ethical leadership would look like (especially in the public sector) as well as how unethical leadership can lead to a high degree of difficulties and failures. Although this example may seem to fit better under applied ethics, I chose it for this branch because I believe it covers what is good and what is bad, as well as some other things. Meta-ethics is also the study of what is ethical or not, and I believe that those answers can be found in this text.

Normative Ethics

Normative ethics is an ethical theory dealing with the traits or characteristics of moral decision making. For example the criteria set in place by normative ethics, when enforced, is called applied ethics. Normative ethics has two major categories, Teleological and Deontological. Teleology is the justification for something's end or finish, whereas Deontology is the study of the event or action itself.

Real Life Examples: Normative Ethics

In an article titled, "The Big Lie Perpetuated by Central Banks," by Bitcoin.Com, it is stated that big banking organizations don;t behave or act quite as customers would expect or want them to. It then proceeds to discuss Ethical Relativism as well as Normative Moral Relativism, a branch of normative ethics. Normative Moral Relativism deal with how people should and are expected to act. It connects with this article because the international banking corporations, according to this article, are not acting how they should be, etc.

Real Life Examples

In an article called, "Protecting children’s digital bodies through rights," (Kristin Sandvik, 2019) it discusses the importance of protecting children in all parts of the world but especially the children in third world or warring countries that need aid. It states how children in these areas are often targeted with products providing aid, that are unfinished or could cause harm to their personal or digital body. It concludes with talking about what is believed to be the ethical action for this issue, as well as where help could be found. Since it discusses possible ethical actions or solutions, I believe it falls under normative ethics.

Applied Ethics

Applied ethics is the ethical theory concerning action and behavior and how ethical traits and considerations are applied in the real world. Applied ethics is relevant in many fields, including law, public operations and more. This subsection of ethics connects heavily with normative ethics because it involves the application of the ideologies and behaviors discussed, making it the most applicable in the real world.

Applied Ethics

Real Life Examples: Applied Ethics

The president of the United States, Donald Trump, has acted unethical in many people's opinions over the entire course of his term so far. More recently, in response to impeachment inquiries, he tweeted, "All Republicans must remember what they are witnessing here — a lynching." (Donald Trump, 2019) This has caused an outcry from the public because of how serious of a statement this is, as well as because of the history of the word in the United States. This action is believed to be unethical because of the vast disapproval as well as disregard for the feelings of people. This is an example of applied ethics because it is the action or application of ethical theories and practices, albeit not great ones.

Real Life Examples

A home warranty company in Ontario was recently found guilty of committing, in my opinion, unethical actions against their customers. According to an article by CBC News, an auditor found that Tarion, "favoured the interests of builders at the expense of homebuyers." (Laura Osman, 2019) When promising a warranty to someone, it is never an ethical action to lie about the conditions, etc. Especially with the intention to cut the opposing party a break. This is an example of applied ethics, because it is an action involving ethics rather than questions or theories surrounding it.

References

References

Foran, C. (2019, October 23). Top Republicans in Congress break with Trump over 'lynching' comment. Retrieved from https://www.cnn.com/2019/10/22/politics/republican-reaction-lynching-comment-impeachment/index.html

Fredericks, I. (n.d.). Ethical leadership is key to better corporate governance. Retrieved from https://www.businesslive.co.za/bd/opinion/2019-10-31-ethical-leadership-is-key-to-better-corporate-governance/

Is There An Objective Morality? (2019, May 30). Retrieved from https://iai.tv/articles/is-there-an-objective-morality-auid-1237

Smith, G., McElroy, W., McElroy, W., McElroy, W., & McElroy, W. (2019, October 27). The Big Lie Perpetuated by Central Banks. Retrieved from https://news.bitcoin.com/the-big-lie-perpetuated-by-central-banks/

Tarion failing homebuyers, auditor finds CBC News. (2019, October 30). Retrieved from https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/ottawa/tarion-ontario-home-warranty-auditor-1.5340520

The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2016, April 20). Normative ethics. Retrieved from https://www.britannica.com/topic/normative-ethics

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