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Slavery and Western Expansion

Road to Civil War

Uh oh this aint Kansas anymore...

The Kansas-Nebraska Act sparked a quasi civil war in miniture when Northerners and Southerners poured into Kansas to affect the vote. In essence Kansas had two governments one pro slavery and one anti slavery.

  • Missouri Compromise called for the admitting Maine as a free state and Missouri as a slave state. It also prohibited slavery in the Louisiana territory north of the southern Missouri boarder.

  • Kansas-Nebraska act reopen territories closed by the Missouri Compromise.

  • The Dred Scott decision
  • John Brown's Raid on Harpers Ferry October 16 1859.

And finally Crittenden's Compromise fails, and on February 8, 1861 the southern states decided to secede from the Union to form the Confederacy. Choosing Jefferson Davis as president.

Congress Struggles for Compromise

  • Under this law a slaveholder had only to point out alleged runaways to have them taken into custody.
  • Accused could not defend themselves by testifying.
  • There was a finacial incentive to judge in favor of the slave hold as well $10 against $5 dollars for a guilty charge.

Impact of the War With Mexico

Compromise came from Henry Clay of Kentucky. The hardest for the Northerners to accept was the Fugitive Slave Act.

The underground railroad led by Harriot Tubbman was one of the ways that slaves from the South were able to make there escape.

Wilmot Proviso passed in the House of Reps provided that no slavery be allowed in the newly acquired lands from Mexico.

Popular Sovereignty said that the citizens of each new state should decide for themselves on whether or not to allow slavery. This would take it off the political table and also appeared democratic.

With the discovery of gold at Sutter's Mill that set of the California Gold Rush. Slavery again took center stage.

  • The problem came when California apply for statehood as a free state under President Taylor's advice.
  • This would upset the 15/15 free and slave state balance.
  • Many southern politicians began to talk about secession.
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